School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
J Infect Public Health. 2024 Nov;17(11):102557. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102557. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy presents a significant health risk in women of reproductive age and their offspring due to severe neurological complications. It is meaningful to assess its global burden and temporal trends.
This study extracted annual incidence cases and rates of ZIKV among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) between 2011 and 2021 from Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021, including global level, 21 GBD regions, 5 socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, 7 age groups, and 204 countries and territories. Relative percent change in cases and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of incidence rates were used to quantify the temporal trends.
The incidence rate of ZIKV infection exhibited a pronounced peak in 2016 at 174.27 per 100,000 population, with an EAPC of 158.30 % from 2011 to 2016 and -51.86 % from 2016 to 2021 at 3.06 per 100,000 population. And only 5 out of the 21 GBD regions reported ZIKV infection in 2021, predominantly concentrated in Latin America and Caribbean. The outbreaks were primarily concentrated in low-middle and middle SDI regions. In 2021, at the global level, the incidence rates of ZIKV infection among women of reproductive age were similar across different age groups, ranging from 2.41 to 3.39 per 100,000 population. The proportion of ZIKV infection cases was slightly higher in women aged 25-29 and 30-34 years compared to other age groups in 2021, whereas a higher proportion of cases were observed in younger age groups in 2011 and 2016.
Women of reproductive age in Latin America and Caribbean continue to face the threat of ZIKV. Regions with lower SDI had a disproportionately severe burden. Future public health strategies should focus on high-risk areas and populations of reproductive age, enhancing surveillance, prevention, and education efforts to further mitigate the public health threat posed by ZIKV.
寨卡病毒（ZIKV）感染对育龄妇女及其后代构成重大健康风险，因为它会导致严重的神经并发症。评估其全球负担和时间趋势具有重要意义。
本研究从 2021 年全球疾病负担（GBD）中提取了 2011 年至 2021 年期间育龄妇女（15-49 岁）中寨卡病毒的年发病率病例和发病率，包括全球水平、21 个 GBD 区域、5 个社会人口指数（SDI）区域、7 个年龄组和 204 个国家和地区。发病率的相对百分比变化和估计的年百分比变化（EAPC）用于量化时间趋势。
寨卡病毒感染的发病率在 2016 年达到 174.27/100000 人，2011 年至 2016 年的 EAPC 为 158.30%，2016 年至 2021 年为 3.06/100000 人，下降了 51.86%。2021 年，只有 21 个 GBD 区域中的 5 个报告了寨卡病毒感染，主要集中在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区。疫情主要集中在中低和中社会人口指数地区。2021 年，在全球范围内，育龄妇女的寨卡病毒感染发病率在不同年龄组之间相似，为 2.41-3.39/100000 人。2021 年，25-29 岁和 30-34 岁的女性中寨卡病毒感染病例的比例略高于其他年龄组，而在 2011 年和 2016 年，年轻年龄组的病例比例更高。
拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的育龄妇女继续面临寨卡病毒的威胁。SDI 较低的地区负担过重。未来的公共卫生战略应侧重于高危地区和育龄人群，加强监测、预防和教育工作，进一步减轻寨卡病毒对公共卫生的威胁。
