Elshershaby Rabab E, Dkhil Mohamed A, Dar Yasser, Abdel-Gaber Rewaida, Delic Denis, Helal Ibrahim B
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2025;28(8):1301-1309. doi: 10.2174/0113862073317626240911164733.
The concurrent presence of helminthiasis and bacterial diseases imposes a dual burden, worsening the challenges associated with each condition independently. This cohabitation intensifies the economic impact, creating a compounding effect on public health and economic well-being.
Phytochemical analysis of Cassia alata Extract (CAE) using infrared spectroscopy has revealed the presence of various functional groups. In addition, GC mass analysis has confirmed the presence of 26 active compounds. An assessment of the anthelmintic activity of CAE against mature earthworms has demonstrated comparable efficacy to the conventional anthelmintic, albendazole. The optimal dosage of 500 mg/ml has induced a rapid onset of paralysis (2.7 ± 0.5 min) and death (20.1 ± 1.7 min), outperforming albendazole (20 mg/mL) in terms of faster paralysis and death times (21.8 ± 1.1 and 30.14 ± 3.2 min, respectively). Structural modifications induced by CAE have been observed through light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Control worms have exhibited normal body architecture, while CAE-treated worms have displayed size reduction, uniform body wall shrinkage, and increased cuticular thickness. Similar alterations have been observed in albendazole-treated worms.
The antibacterial activity of CAE has been evaluated through a broth dilution assay, which has revealed a dose-response effect. At 6.25 mg/ml, CAE has exhibited 100% inhibitory action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Significant differences in bacterial viability have been noted at lower concentrations, with no significant variation at 0.3906 mg/ml of CAE.
The findings have highlighted the multifaceted bioactivity of CAE, showcasing its potential as an anthelmintic agent and antimicrobial agent against a spectrum of bacterial strains. The observed structural alterations in treated worms have provided insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the anthelmintic effects.
蠕虫病和细菌性疾病同时存在带来了双重负担，使各自独立存在时所面临的挑战更加严峻。这种共存加剧了经济影响，对公众健康和经济福祉产生了复合效应。
利用红外光谱对翅荚决明提取物（CAE）进行植物化学分析，揭示了各种官能团的存在。此外，气相色谱 - 质谱分析已确认存在26种活性化合物。对CAE针对成熟蚯蚓的驱虫活性评估表明，其功效与传统驱虫药阿苯达唑相当。500毫克/毫升的最佳剂量可迅速引发麻痹（2.7±0.5分钟）和死亡（20.1±1.7分钟），在麻痹和死亡时间方面优于阿苯达唑（20毫克/毫升）（分别为21.8±1.1分钟和30.14±3.2分钟）。通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察到了CAE引起的结构变化。对照蚯蚓呈现出正常的身体结构，而经CAE处理的蚯蚓则出现了尺寸减小、体壁均匀收缩和角质层厚度增加的情况。在经阿苯达唑处理的蚯蚓中也观察到了类似变化。
通过肉汤稀释试验评估了CAE的抗菌活性，结果显示出剂量反应效应。在6.25毫克/毫升时，CAE对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均表现出100%的抑制作用。在较低浓度下，细菌活力存在显著差异，而在0.3906毫克/毫升的CAE浓度下无显著变化。
研究结果突出了CAE的多方面生物活性，展示了其作为针对一系列细菌菌株的驱虫剂和抗菌剂的潜力。在处理过的蚯蚓中观察到的结构变化为驱虫作用的潜在机制提供了见解。
