Saini Jyoti, Bakshi Jaimanti, Panda Naresh K, Sharma Maryada, Yadav Ashok K, Kamboj Kajal, Goyal Atul Kumar
Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2024 Oct;23(5):1079-1088. doi: 10.1007/s12663-023-01932-5. Epub 2023 May 12.
Oral cancer is the most prominent cancer subtype among all head and neck cancers, the incidence and prevalence of which has been consistently increasing in past years around the globe. At advanced stages, oral cancer imparts significant mortality, morbidity, and mutilation among the patients, and therefore, diagnosis and treatment of the disease at early stages are considered the optimum strategy for the management of the disease. Since molecular changes appear earlier than physical symptoms, several molecular biomarkers are currently being investigated for their role in diagnosing and treating disease. MMP-9 belongs to the family of proteinases that are involved in cytoskeletal degradation, which is a crucial phase of cancer progression.
In the present study, we analyzed the serum concentration of MMP-9 in oral cancer patients and tried to establish MMP-9 as a predictive biomarker for the progression of oral cancer. We also correlated the clinical, sociodemographic and biochemical parameters with the serum concentration of MMP-9 in oral cancer patients.
Serum was extracted from the blood sample of 38 oral cancer patients and was analyzed for the concentration of MMP-9 using sandwiched ELISA. Predesigned proforma was used to capture the clinical, sociodemographic and biochemical parameters. Unpaired t-test was used to compare two means, one way ANOVA was used to compare more than two means and Pearson's correlation was used to correlate the variables.
The mean concentration of MMP-9 in patients of oral cancer was 816.9 ± 236.1 ng/mL. The MMP-9 expression level was higher at advanced oral cancer stages than in the early stages. No significant difference in the MMP expression was found in terms of sociodemographic risk factor and tumor site. MMP-9 exhibit significant negative correlation with the HDL and significantly positive correlation with the PTI. Rest of the biochemical parameters does not exhibit significant correlation.
The present study suggests that serum concentration of MMP-9 can be a predictive biomarker for the progression of oral cancer, which needs to be validated by performing further longitudinal cross-sectional studies by taking ample sample size.
口腔癌是所有头颈癌中最突出的癌症亚型，在过去几年中，其发病率和患病率在全球范围内持续上升。在晚期，口腔癌会给患者带来显著的死亡率、发病率和毁容，因此，早期诊断和治疗该疾病被认为是疾病管理的最佳策略。由于分子变化比身体症状出现得更早，目前正在研究几种分子生物标志物在疾病诊断和治疗中的作用。基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）属于参与细胞骨架降解的蛋白酶家族，这是癌症进展的关键阶段。
在本研究中，我们分析了口腔癌患者血清中MMP-9的浓度，并试图将MMP-9确立为口腔癌进展的预测生物标志物。我们还将临床、社会人口统计学和生化参数与口腔癌患者血清中MMP-9的浓度进行了关联。
从38例口腔癌患者的血样中提取血清，采用夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）分析MMP-9的浓度。使用预先设计的表格记录临床、社会人口统计学和生化参数。采用非配对t检验比较两个均值，单因素方差分析比较两个以上均值，Pearson相关性分析用于关联变量。
口腔癌患者中MMP-9的平均浓度为816.9±236.1 ng/mL。晚期口腔癌阶段的MMP-9表达水平高于早期。在社会人口统计学风险因素和肿瘤部位方面，未发现MMP表达有显著差异。MMP-9与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）呈显著负相关，与血小板聚集指数（PTI）呈显著正相关。其余生化参数无显著相关性。
本研究表明，血清MMP-9浓度可能是口腔癌进展的预测生物标志物，这需要通过进行进一步的纵向横断面研究并采用足够大的样本量来验证。
