University of Swat, Department of Zoology, Swat, Pakistan.
Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan.
Braz J Biol. 2024 Oct 7;84:e282008. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.282008. eCollection 2024.
Global access to clean and safe drinking water remains a formidable challenge, contributing to a myriad of health issues. This research exposes the existence of waterborne parasites in seemingly pristine spring waters, indicating potential contamination. Daily extensive sampling of Seventeen water sources was conducted in the untarnished freshwater streams of Tehsil Babuzai, District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from February to September 2021. Employing a stringent filtration process, the collected samples were effectively concentrated to detect any waterborne parasites. Subsequent application of the wet mount technique, combined with the capabilities of a compound microscope, revealed a disconcerting reality: all examined samples tested positive for various parasites. Identified parasites included Schistosoma species, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichiuria trichiuria, Taenia saginata, Entamoeba histolytica, Amoeba, Lacrymana olor, Tintinnids, Paramecium, Dileptus, Euglena, Loxodes striatus, Acanthocyclops lynceus, Spondylosium, Oscillatoria, Cyanobacteria, Cilindros, Cilindros cerro, Commensal amoeba mature cysts,, Filliform larva of Strongyloides, Cercaria larva, Larva of Taenia solium, Egg of Enterobius vermiculais, Egg of Isospora belli, Egg of Tapeworm, Egg of Schistosoma species, Egg of Toxocara, and Egg of Diphyllobothrium latum. These findings clearly demonstrate the presence of a diverse array of parasites in the freshwater springs of Tehsil Babuzai, Swat, Pakistan. Implementing robust water treatment protocols, conducting regular monitoring and testing, and raising awareness about the risks of waterborne parasites are crucial steps to safeguard public health in the region.
全球范围内，获得清洁、安全饮用水仍然是一项艰巨的挑战，这导致了众多健康问题的产生。本研究揭示了在看似纯净的泉水水源中存在的水媒寄生虫，表明可能存在污染。2021 年 2 月至 9 月，我们在巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省斯瓦特县巴巴宰伊地区未受污染的淡水溪流中，对 17 个水源进行了日常广泛采样。我们采用严格的过滤程序，对采集的样本进行有效浓缩，以检测任何水媒寄生虫。随后应用湿片技术，结合复合显微镜的功能，揭示了一个令人不安的现实：所有检查样本均对各种寄生虫呈阳性。鉴定出的寄生虫包括血吸虫属、蛔虫、毛首鞭形线虫、猪带绦虫、溶组织内阿米巴、变形虫、Lacrymana olor、纤毛类、草履虫、草履虫、双滴虫、衣滴虫、Loxodes striatus、刺棘盘尾丝虫、Spondylosium、颤藻、蓝藻、Cylindros、Cilindros cerro、共生变形虫成熟包囊、丝状蚴、尾蚴、猪带绦虫幼虫、蛲虫卵、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫卵、绦虫卵、血吸虫属卵、旋毛形线虫幼虫、囊尾蚴。这些发现清楚地表明，在巴基斯坦斯瓦特县巴巴宰伊的淡水泉水中存在着多种寄生虫。实施强有力的水处理方案、定期监测和测试以及提高公众对水媒寄生虫风险的认识，是保护该地区公共健康的关键步骤。
