Jayawardena Ranil, Weerasinghe Kalani, Trakman Gina, Madhujith Terrence, Hills Andrew P, Kalupahana Nishan Sudheera
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
BMC Nutr. 2024 Oct 10;10(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s40795-024-00944-9.
While several validated sports nutrition knowledge questionnaires exist, none are specifically designed to assess the sports nutrition knowledge (SNK) of Sri Lankan track and field athletes. This study aims to validate the Sri Lankan Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (SLn-SNKQ), tailored for this athlete group, to provide more accurate and meaningful insights for research and practice. This will enable health professionals and coaches to confidently assess athletes' nutrition knowledge, which directly influences their food choices.
The validity of the questionnaire was established through a multi-step approach. Content validity was achieved via ratings from nutrition experts, all of whom had specialized training in human nutrition and experience of working with athletes. Face validity was evaluated through in-depth telephone interviews with elite or highly trained athletes, using a retrospective think-out-loud protocol to gather feedback on the clarity and relevance of the questions. Construct validity involved nutrition-trained doctors (NTG), non-nutrition-trained professionals (NNTG), and elite-level athletes' groups (AG). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was evaluated.
The final tool comprised 123 individual statements or prompts (items) that were organized into 32 broader questions, spanning 12 sub-sections. Content validity was confirmed by fully integrating 49 out of 70 comments and partially integrating four comments received from nutrition experts for each sub-section. Face validity was established by fully integrating 33 out of 40 comments received from 16 elite and highly trained athletes. Construct validity was confirmed, indicating significant differences in the total scores achieved as a percentage of the SLn-SNKQ among the NTG (462.5, 92.5%), NNTG (223.5, 44.7%), and AG (235, 47.0%; p < 0.001). Reproducibility was established by strong test-retest reliability between individuals' scores on two test attempts, three weeks apart (spearman's correlation; ρ = 0.99, p < 0.05). Internal reliability for each sub-section met psychometric reliability requirements (Cronbach's α > 0.7).
The SLn-SNKQ has been validated and demonstrates robust psychometric properties, offering a reliable tool for assessing SNK among Sri Lankan track and field athletes.
虽然现已有几份经过验证的运动营养知识问卷，但尚无专门用于评估斯里兰卡田径运动员运动营养知识（SNK）的问卷。本研究旨在验证针对该运动员群体量身定制的斯里兰卡运动营养知识问卷（SLn - SNKQ），以便为研究和实践提供更准确且有意义的见解。这将使健康专业人员和教练能够自信地评估运动员的营养知识，而这直接影响他们的食物选择。
通过多步骤方法确定问卷的有效性。内容效度通过营养专家的评分来实现，所有专家均接受过人类营养方面的专业培训且有与运动员合作的经验。通过对精英或高水平训练运动员进行深入电话访谈来评估表面效度，采用回顾性出声思考协议收集对问题清晰度和相关性的反馈。结构效度涉及接受过营养培训的医生（NTG）、未接受过营养培训的专业人员（NNTG）以及精英水平运动员群体（AG）。使用克朗巴哈α系数评估内部一致性，并评估重测信度。
最终工具包含123条单独的陈述或提示（项目），这些项目被组织成32个更广泛的问题，涵盖12个小节。通过完全纳入营养专家针对每个小节给出的70条评论中的49条以及部分纳入4条评论，确认了内容效度。通过完全纳入从16名精英和高水平训练运动员那里收到的40条评论中的33条，确立了表面效度。确认了结构效度，表明NTG（462.5，92.5%）、NNTG（223.5，44.7%）和AG（235，47.0%；p < 0.001）在SLn - SNKQ总分中所占百分比方面存在显著差异。通过个体在相隔三周的两次测试尝试中的分数之间具有很强的重测信度（斯皮尔曼相关性；ρ = 0.99，p < 0.05）确立了可重复性。每个小节的内部信度均满足心理测量信度要求（克朗巴哈α系数> 0.7）。
SLn - SNKQ已得到验证，并显示出强大的心理测量特性，为评估斯里兰卡田径运动员的SNK提供了一个可靠的工具。
