Chaalali Anis, Bouriel Khalil, Rouissi Mehdi, Chtara Moktar, Mkaouer Bessem, Cronin John, Chaouachi Anis, Chamari Karim
Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sport Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and science in Sports, Tunis, Tunisia.
Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Manouba University, Tunisia.
Biol Sport. 2022 Mar;39(2):379-387. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.103574. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-resisted (NRS) and partner-towing resisted (RS) sprint training on legs explosive force, sprint performance and sprint kinematic parameters. Sixteen young elite soccer players (age 16.6 ± 0.2 years, height 175.6 ± 5.7 cm, and body mass 67.6 ± 8.2 kg) were randomly allocated to two training groups: resisted sprint RS (n = 7) and non-resisted sprint NRS (n = 9). The RS group followed a six-week sprint training programme consisting of two "sprint training sessions" per week in addition to their usual soccer training. The NRS group followed a similar sprint training programme, replicating the distances of sprints but without any added resistance. All players were assessed before and after training: vertical and horizontal jumping (countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and 5-jump test (5JT)), 30 m sprint performance (5, 10, and 20 m split times), and running kinematics (stride length and frequency). In the RS group significant (p < 0.05) changes were: decreased sprint time for 0-5 m, 0-10 m and 0-30 m (-6.31, -5.73 and -2.00%; effect size (ES) = 0.70, 1.00 and 0.41, respectively); higher peak jumping height (4.23% and 3.59%; ES = 0.35 and 0.37, for SJ and CMJ respectively); and 5JT (3.10%; ES = 0.44); and increased stride frequency (3.96%; ES = 0.76). In the NRS group, significant (p < 0.05) changes were: decreased sprint time at 0-30 m (-1.34%, ES = 0.33) and increased stride length (1.21%; ES = 0.17). RS training (partner towing) for six weeks in young soccer players showed more effective performances in sprint, stride frequency and lower-limb explosive force, while NRS training improved sprint performance at 0-30 m and stride length. Consequently, coaches and physical trainers should consider including RS training as part of their sprint training to ensure optimal sprint performance.
本研究的目的是检验无阻力(NRS)和伙伴牵引阻力(RS)短跑训练对腿部爆发力、短跑成绩和短跑运动学参数的影响。16名年轻的精英足球运动员(年龄16.6±0.2岁,身高175.6±5.7厘米,体重67.6±8.2千克)被随机分为两个训练组:阻力短跑RS组(n = 7)和无阻力短跑NRS组(n = 9)。RS组除了进行常规足球训练外,还遵循一项为期六周的短跑训练计划,每周包括两次“短跑训练课”。NRS组遵循类似的短跑训练计划,重复短跑距离但不增加任何阻力。所有运动员在训练前后均接受评估:垂直和水平跳跃(反向移动跳(CMJ)、深蹲跳(SJ)和5跳测试(5JT))、30米短跑成绩(5米、10米和20米分段时间)以及跑步运动学参数(步长和步频)。在RS组中,显著(p < 0.05)的变化有:0至5米、0至10米和0至30米的短跑时间缩短(分别为-6.31%、-5.73%和-2.00%;效应量(ES)分别为0.70、1.00和0.41);更高的跳跃峰值高度(SJ为4.2