Ramakrishnan Monica, Fahey Jed W, Zimmerman Andrew W, Zhou Xinyi, Panjwani Anita A
Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Nutr. 2024 Sep 30;11:1448130. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1448130. eCollection 2024.
Neuroinflammation in response to environmental stressors is an important common pathway in a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Responses to immune-mediated stress can lead to epigenetic changes and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. Isothiocyanates (ITC) have shown promise in combating oxidative stress and inflammation in the nervous system as well as organ systems. While sulforaphane from broccoli is the most widely studied ITC for biomedical applications, ITC and their precursor glucosinolates are found in many species of cruciferous and other vegetables including moringa. In this review, we examine both clinical and pre-clinical studies of ITC on the amelioration of neuropsychiatric disorders (neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and other) from 2018 to the present, including documentation of protocols for several ongoing clinical studies. During this time, there have been 16 clinical studies (9 randomized controlled trials), most of which reported on the effect of sulforaphane on autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We also review over 80 preclinical studies examining ITC treatment of brain-related dysfunctions and disorders. The evidence to date reveals ITC have great potential for treating these conditions with minimal toxicity. The authors call for well-designed clinical trials to further the translation of these potent phytochemicals into therapeutic practice.
对环境应激源的神经炎症反应是许多神经和精神疾病的重要共同途径。对免疫介导应激的反应可导致表观遗传变化和神经精神疾病的发展。异硫氰酸盐（ITC）在对抗神经系统以及器官系统中的氧化应激和炎症方面已显示出前景。虽然西兰花中的萝卜硫素是生物医学应用中研究最广泛的ITC，但ITC及其前体硫代葡萄糖苷存在于许多十字花科及其他蔬菜品种中，包括辣木。在本综述中，我们研究了2018年至今ITC对改善神经精神疾病（神经发育性、神经退行性和其他疾病）的临床和临床前研究，包括几项正在进行的临床研究的方案记录。在此期间，有16项临床研究（9项随机对照试验），其中大部分报告了萝卜硫素对自闭症谱系障碍和精神分裂症的影响。我们还回顾了80多项研究ITC治疗脑相关功能障碍和疾病的临床前研究。迄今为止的证据表明，ITC在治疗这些疾病方面具有巨大潜力，且毒性极小。作者呼吁开展精心设计的临床试验，以进一步将这些有效的植物化学物质转化为治疗实践。
