Badcock Paul B, Davey Christopher G
Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Orygen, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Entropy (Basel). 2024 Sep 30;26(10):833. doi: 10.3390/e26100833.
The free energy principle is a formal theory of adaptive self-organising systems that emerged from statistical thermodynamics, machine learning and theoretical neuroscience and has since been translated into biologically plausible 'process theories' of cognition and behaviour, which fall under the banner of 'active inference'. Despite the promise this theory holds for theorising, research and practical applications in psychology and psychiatry, its impact on these disciplines has only now begun to bear fruit. The aim of this treatment is to consider the extent to which active inference has informed theoretical progress in psychology, before exploring its contributions to our understanding and treatment of psychopathology. Despite facing persistent translational obstacles, progress suggests that active inference has the potential to become a new paradigm that promises to unite psychology's subdisciplines, while readily incorporating the traditionally competing paradigms of evolutionary and developmental psychology. To date, however, progress towards this end has been slow. Meanwhile, the main outstanding question is whether this theory will make a positive difference through applications in clinical psychology, and its sister discipline of psychiatry.
自由能原理是一种关于适应性自组织系统的形式理论，它源自统计热力学、机器学习和理论神经科学，此后已被转化为关于认知和行为的具有生物学合理性的“过程理论”，这些理论属于“主动推理”的范畴。尽管该理论在心理学和精神病学的理论构建、研究及实际应用方面前景广阔，但其对这些学科的影响直到现在才开始显现成效。本论述的目的是在探讨主动推理对我们理解和治疗精神病理学的贡献之前，考量其在多大程度上推动了心理学的理论进展。尽管面临持续的转化障碍，但进展表明主动推理有潜力成为一种新的范式，有望统一心理学的各个子学科，同时轻松融合传统上相互竞争的进化心理学和发展心理学范式。然而，迄今为止，朝着这一目标的进展一直很缓慢。与此同时，主要的悬而未决的问题是，该理论是否会通过在临床心理学及其姊妹学科精神病学中的应用产生积极影响。
