National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China.
Biomolecules. 2024 Sep 27;14(10):1223. doi: 10.3390/biom14101223.
Adipose tissue is composed of adipocytes, stromal vascular fraction, nerves, surrounding immune cells, and the extracellular matrix. Under various physiological or pathological conditions, adipose tissue shifts cellular composition, lipid storage, and organelle dynamics to respond to the stress; this remodeling is called "adipose tissue plasticity". Adipose tissue plasticity includes changes in the size, species, number, lipid storage capacity, and differentiation function of adipocytes, as well as alterations in the distribution and cellular composition of adipose tissue. This plasticity has a major role in growth, obesity, organismal protection, and internal environmental homeostasis. Moreover, certain thresholds exist for this plasticity with significant individualized differences. Here, we comprehensively elaborate on the specific connotation of adipose tissue plasticity and the relationship between this plasticity and the development of many diseases. Meanwhile, we summarize possible strategies for treating obesity in response to adipose tissue plasticity, intending to provide new insights into the dynamic changes in adipose tissue and contribute new ideas to relevant clinical problems.
脂肪组织由脂肪细胞、基质血管部分、神经、周围免疫细胞和细胞外基质组成。在各种生理或病理条件下，脂肪组织会改变细胞组成、脂质储存和细胞器动态，以应对压力；这种重塑被称为“脂肪组织可塑性”。脂肪组织可塑性包括脂肪细胞大小、种类、数量、脂质储存能力和分化功能的变化，以及脂肪组织分布和细胞组成的改变。这种可塑性在生长、肥胖、机体保护和内部环境稳态中起着重要作用。此外，这种可塑性存在一定的阈值，且具有显著的个体差异。在这里，我们全面阐述了脂肪组织可塑性的具体内涵以及这种可塑性与许多疾病发展之间的关系。同时，我们总结了针对脂肪组织可塑性的肥胖治疗的可能策略，旨在为脂肪组织的动态变化提供新的见解，并为相关临床问题提供新的思路。
