喀麦隆 2 型糖尿病患者心血管疾病首次表现的模式和结局：一项横断面研究。

Pattern and outcome of the first manifestation of cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon.

出版信息

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Oct 26;24(1):593. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-04272-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12872-024-04272-5

PMID:39462334

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11515127/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is a paucity of data on the pattern of first manifestation of CVD and the outcome among patients with T2DM in Cameroon.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to examine the pattern of the first manifestation of CVD and the outcome among patients with T2DM.

METHODS

Between January 2017 and December 2023, files of patients with T2DM hospitalized for the first observed CVD were reviewed. We identified cases of three incident overt clinically manifest CVD complications (acute myocardial infarction [AMI], stroke, and heart failure) in hospitalized T2DM patients. Patients with a previous history of CVD were excluded.

RESULTS

Out of the 1091 patients hospitalized with T2DM, we identified 261(23.9%) patients with clinically overt CVD, of whom 129 (49.4%) were females. The mean age was 63.9 ± 12.1 years and ranged from 15 to 91 years. Women were significantly older compared to men (65.4 ± 11.4 years vs. 62.5 ± 12.6 years; p = 0.042). Hypertension was reported in 201 (77%; 95% CI: 71.4-82) patients. Any form of chronic kidney disease was seen in 15 (5.8%; 95% CI: 3.3-9.3) patients. HIV infection was seen in 5 (1.9%; 95% CI: 0.6-4.4) patients. Stroke was the most common incident clinically overt CVD in 144 (55.2%; 95% CI: 48.9-61.3) patients, followed by heart failure in 105 (40.2%; 95% CI: 34.2-46.5) patients, and Acute MI in 12 (4.6%; 95% CI: 2.4-7.9) patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 9.7 ± 6.6 days. Patients with stroke had a significantly longer hospital stay > 7 days (63% vs. 48.7%, p = 0.021). The in-hospital case fatality was seen in 35 (13.4%; 95% CI: 9.5-18.2) patients.

CONCLUSION

Nearly 1 out of 4 hospitalized patients with T2DM was hospitalized for a first CVD. Stroke and heart failure are the most common initial manifestations of CVD. More than three-quarters of the patients had concomitant hypertension and the in-hospital case fatality was high.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

摘要

背景

心血管疾病（CVDs）是 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者发病率和死亡率的最主要原因。喀麦隆缺乏关于 T2DM 患者 CVD 首次表现形式和结局的相关数据。

目的

我们旨在研究 T2DM 患者 CVD 首次表现形式和结局。

方法

2017 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月期间，我们对因首次观察到的 CVD 而住院的 T2DM 患者的病历进行了回顾性分析。我们确定了在住院 T2DM 患者中三种新发显性临床明显 CVD 并发症（急性心肌梗死 [AMI]、中风和心力衰竭）的病例。排除有 CVD 既往史的患者。

结果

在 1091 名因 T2DM 住院的患者中，我们发现了 261 例（23.9%）患有显性 CVD 的患者，其中 129 例（49.4%）为女性。平均年龄为 63.9±12.1 岁，年龄范围为 15 岁至 91 岁。女性明显比男性年长（65.4±11.4 岁比 62.5±12.6 岁；p=0.042）。201 例（77%；95%CI：71.4-82）患者报告有高血压。15 例（5.8%；95%CI：3.3-9.3）患者存在任何形式的慢性肾病。5 例（1.9%；95%CI：0.6-4.4）患者感染了 HIV。144 例（55.2%；95%CI：48.9-61.3）患者中风是最常见的新发显性 CVD，105 例（40.2%；95%CI：34.2-46.5）患者心力衰竭，12 例（4.6%；95%CI：2.4-7.9）患者急性心肌梗死。平均住院时间为 9.7±6.6 天。中风患者的住院时间明显长于 7 天（63%比 48.7%，p=0.021）。35 例（13.4%；95%CI：9.5-18.2）患者住院期间死亡。