Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Nephrology (Carlton). 2024 Dec;29(12):884-894. doi: 10.1111/nep.14410. Epub 2024 Oct 27.
The global prevalence of overweight/obesity has been rising, and this trend is apparent in US and European incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) populations. We aimed to examine temporal trends in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and underweight among adult incident ESKD patients in Japan by year of dialysis initiation between 2006 and 2019 in comparison with those observed in the Japanese adult population during the same period.
Using data from the Japanese Society of Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry and the National Health and Nutrition Survey, the sex-specific prevalence of overweight/obesity and that of underweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m and <18.5 kg/m, respectively) were calculated, adjusted for age according to the 2019 Population Census via the direct method. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to examine trends.
From 2006 to 2019, the age-adjusted prevalence of overweight/obesity in the incident ESKD population increased for males (AAPC 3.36 [95% CI, 2.70 to 4.09]) and females (AAPC 2.86 [95% CI, 1.65 to 4.19]). The age-adjusted prevalence of overweight/obesity in the general population increased for males (AAPC 0.87 [95% CI, 0.26 to 1.42]) but not for females (AAPC 0.01 [95% CI, -0.55 to 0.57]). The age-adjusted prevalence of underweight in the incident ESKD population significantly decreased but was higher than that in the general population for both sexes.
An increasing trend of overweight/obesity was observed in the incident ESKD population in Japan. There is a pressing need to address both underweight and overweight/obesity in the incident ESKD population.
超重/肥胖的全球患病率一直在上升，这一趋势在美国和欧洲的新发终末期肾病（ESKD）人群中很明显。我们旨在比较 2006 年至 2019 年期间日本新发病例 ESKD 患者和同期日本成年人群中，透析开始年份的超重/肥胖和消瘦的患病率随时间的变化趋势。
利用日本透析治疗学会肾脏数据注册中心和国家健康与营养调查的数据，根据 2019 年人口普查，通过直接法，按照年龄调整超重/肥胖（BMI≥25kg/m2和<18.5kg/m2）的性别特异性患病率。计算平均年百分比变化（AAPC）和相应的 95%置信区间（CI），以检查趋势。
从 2006 年到 2019 年，新发 ESKD 人群中男性（AAPC 3.36[95%CI，2.70 至 4.09]）和女性（AAPC 2.86[95%CI，1.65 至 4.19]）的超重/肥胖的年龄调整患病率增加。普通人群中男性（AAPC 0.87[95%CI，0.26 至 1.42]）但女性（AAPC 0.01[95%CI，-0.55 至 0.57]）的超重/肥胖的年龄调整患病率增加。新发 ESKD 人群中消瘦的年龄调整患病率显著下降，但两性均高于普通人群。
日本新发 ESKD 人群中观察到超重/肥胖的趋势增加。迫切需要解决新发 ESKD 人群中消瘦和超重/肥胖的问题。
