Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Plant Cell Rep. 2024 Oct 29;43(11):273. doi: 10.1007/s00299-024-03359-9.
The ability to efficiently genetically modify plant species is crucial, driving the need for innovative technologies in plant biotechnology. Existing plant genetic transformation systems include Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, biolistics, protoplast-based methods, and nanoparticle techniques. Despite these diverse methods, many species exhibit resistance to transformation, limiting the applicability of most published methods to specific species or genotypes. Tissue culture remains a significant barrier for most species, although other barriers exist. These include the infection and regeneration stages in Agrobacterium, cell death and genomic instability in biolistics, the creation and regeneration of protoplasts for protoplast-based methods, and the difficulty of achieving stable transformation with nanoparticles. To develop species-independent transformation methods, it is essential to address these transformation bottlenecks. This review examines recent advancements in plant biotechnology, highlighting both new and existing techniques that have improved the success rates of plant transformations. Additionally, several newly emerged plant model systems that have benefited from these technological advancements are also discussed.
高效地对植物物种进行基因修饰至关重要，这推动了植物生物技术中创新技术的发展。现有的植物遗传转化系统包括农杆菌介导的转化、弹道技术、原生质体方法和纳米颗粒技术。尽管有这些多样化的方法，但许多物种对转化表现出抗性，这限制了大多数已发表方法在特定物种或基因型中的适用性。尽管存在其他障碍，但组织培养仍然是大多数物种的一个重大障碍。这些障碍包括农杆菌中的感染和再生阶段、弹道技术中的细胞死亡和基因组不稳定性、原生质体方法中原生质体的创建和再生，以及纳米颗粒实现稳定转化的困难。为了开发与物种无关的转化方法，必须解决这些转化瓶颈。本综述考察了植物生物技术的最新进展，重点介绍了提高植物转化成功率的新技术和现有技术。此外，还讨论了几种受益于这些技术进步的新兴植物模型系统。
