Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Nov 11;20(1):1692. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09802-2.
There are limited studies on the prevalence of adherence to the combined guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep in children and adolescents. Moreover, little is known about correlates of adherence to the guidelines. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and identify the correlates of adherence to the combined movement guidelines among children and adolescents.
A total of 355 children aged 8-13 years (44% boys) and 324 adolescents aged 14-18 years (43% boys) from the Czech Republic participated in this study. PA and sleep duration were estimated using multi-day 24-h raw data from wrist-worn accelerometers. Recreational screen time was parent proxy-reported in children and self-reported in adolescents. Seventeen potential correlates were grouped into three homogenous categories for biological and cognitive, behavioral, and family correlates. The multi-level multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify correlates of adherence to combined movement guidelines and to specific combinations of any of two recommendations.
Approximately 6.5% of children and 2.2% of adolescents met all recommendations of the combined movement guidelines. In children, girls (OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1-0.9) and participants with overweight or obese fathers (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1-0.7) had significantly lower odds of adherence to the combined movement guidelines. Additionally, children had higher odds of meeting specific combinations of two recommendations if they reported regular fruit and vegetable intake, participated in organized PA, or if their fathers had a university degree. Meanwhile, paternal overweight and obesity, and high sleep efficiency were associated with lower odds of meeting specific combinations of recommendations. In adolescents, sex, fruit and vegetable intake, organized PA, and active play were correlates of meeting specific combinations of any two recommendations.
A low proportion of children and adolescents met the combined movement guidelines and several correlates related to family were identified. Family is a key source of influence for healthy movement behaviors during childhood and adolescence.
目前关于儿童和青少年同时遵循体力活动、久坐行为和睡眠综合指南的研究有限。此外，对于该指南的遵循与哪些因素相关知之甚少。因此，本研究的主要目的是调查儿童和青少年同时遵循综合运动指南的流行率，并确定其相关因素。
本研究共纳入 355 名 8-13 岁（44%为男孩）的儿童和 324 名 14-18 岁（43%为男孩）的青少年，来自捷克共和国。使用手腕佩戴的加速度计记录多日 24 小时的原始数据来估计体力活动和睡眠时间。儿童的娱乐性屏幕时间由家长报告，青少年则自我报告。将 17 个潜在相关因素分为生物学和认知、行为和家庭三个同质类别。应用多水平多变量逻辑回归来识别遵循综合运动指南和特定两种建议组合的相关因素。
大约 6.5%的儿童和 2.2%的青少年完全遵循了综合运动指南的所有建议。在儿童中，女孩（OR=0.4；95%CI=0.1-0.9）和父亲超重或肥胖（OR=0.3；95%CI=0.1-0.7）的参与者遵循综合运动指南的可能性显著较低。此外，如果儿童经常摄入水果和蔬菜、参加有组织的体力活动或其父亲拥有大学学历，则他们更有可能符合两种建议的特定组合。与此同时，父亲超重或肥胖以及较高的睡眠效率与符合特定建议组合的可能性较低相关。在青少年中，性别、水果和蔬菜摄入、有组织的体力活动和积极玩耍是符合任何两种建议特定组合的相关因素。
只有一小部分儿童和青少年符合综合运动指南，而且确定了一些与家庭相关的因素。家庭是儿童和青少年健康运动行为的关键影响因素。
