Li Yu, Song Xiaoju, Dai Lianjing, Wang Yangyi, Luo Qiong, Lei Lei, Pu Yunfei
Department of Cardiology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Biomol Biomed. 2025 Jan 30;25(3):648-662. doi: 10.17305/bb.2024.11174.
Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular disease. Exercise is widely recognized as an effective treatment for hypertension, and it may also influence the composition of the intestinal microflora. However, it remains unclear whether exercise can specifically regulate the intestinal microflora in the context of hypertension treatment. In this study, tail blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was measured using a blood pressure meter after exercise intervention and fecal bacteria transplantation following exercise. Blood lipid levels were assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, and 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to analyze the intestinal microflora. Histological examinations of ileal tissue were conducted using HE and Masson staining. Intestinal permeability, inflammatory status, and sympathetic activity were evaluated by measuring the levels of diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, lipopolysaccharide, norepinephrine, angiotensin II, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Exercise was found to reduce blood pressure and blood lipid levels in SHR. It also improved the composition of the intestinal microflora, as evidenced by a reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, an increase in bacteria that produce acetic and butyric acid, and higher Chao 1 and Shannon diversity indices. Furthermore, exercise reduced the thickness of the fibrotic and muscular layers in the ileum, increased the goblet cell/villus ratio and villus length, and decreased intestinal permeability, inflammatory markers, and sympathetic nerve activity. The intestinal microbial flora regulated by exercise demonstrated similar effects on hypertension. In conclusion, exercise appears to regulate the intestinal microflora, and this exercise-induced change in flora may contribute to improvements in hypertension in rats.
高血压是一种常见的心血管疾病。运动被广泛认为是治疗高血压的有效方法，并且它可能还会影响肠道微生物群的组成。然而，在高血压治疗的背景下，运动是否能特异性调节肠道微生物群仍不清楚。在本研究中，对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）进行运动干预后，使用血压计测量尾动脉血压，并在运动后进行粪便细菌移植。使用自动生化分析仪评估血脂水平，并采用16S rRNA测序分析肠道微生物群。采用HE和Masson染色对回肠组织进行组织学检查。通过测量二胺氧化酶、D-乳酸、C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α、脂多糖、去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素II、环磷酸腺苷和环磷酸鸟苷的水平来评估肠道通透性、炎症状态和交感神经活性。研究发现，运动可降低SHR的血压和血脂水平。运动还改善了肠道微生物群的组成，表现为厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比例降低、产生乙酸和丁酸的细菌增加以及Chao 1和Shannon多样性指数升高。此外，运动减少了回肠纤维化和肌肉层的厚度，增加了杯状细胞/绒毛比例和绒毛长度，并降低了肠道通透性、炎症标志物和交感神经活性。运动调节的肠道微生物群对高血压也有类似的作用。总之，运动似乎可以调节肠道微生物群，这种运动诱导的菌群变化可能有助于改善大鼠的高血压状况。
