Barrera M E, Rosenbaum P L, Cunningham C E
Child Dev. 1986 Feb;57(1):20-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1986.tb00003.x.
We investigated the effects of a year-long home intervention with a sample of preterm infants randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: a developmental intervention, a parent-infant intervention, and a no-treatment control group. A full-term no-treatment control was also used. Both intervention approaches focused on the parent-child unit, providing training for parents to improve observational skills, emotional support, and information about community resources. However, whereas specific tasks to facilitate the child's development were provided in the developmental intervention group, the quality of the parent-infant interaction was the target for treatment in the other group. All infants were assessed at 4, 8, 12, and 16 months of age corrected for prematurity. The results suggest that although both intervention approaches were effective in modifying some aspects of the home environment and, to a lesser degree, in improving infants' cognitive development, the parent-infant interaction approach seemed to have the greater impact. These findings confirm previous observations regarding the cognitive development of preterm and full-term infants during the first 18 months of life and demonstrate changes in behavior and behavior styles in both pre- and full-term infants as they become older.
我们对一组早产儿进行了为期一年的家庭干预研究，这些早产儿被随机分为三组：发育干预组、亲子干预组和无治疗对照组。同时还设立了一个足月儿无治疗对照组。两种干预方法都聚焦于亲子单元，为家长提供培训，以提高他们的观察技能、情感支持以及关于社区资源的信息。然而，发育干预组提供了促进儿童发育的具体任务，而另一组则以改善亲子互动质量为治疗目标。所有婴儿均在矫正早产年龄后的4个月、8个月、12个月和16个月时接受评估。结果表明，虽然两种干预方法在改变家庭环境的某些方面都有效，且在较小程度上改善了婴儿的认知发展，但亲子互动方法似乎产生了更大的影响。这些发现证实了先前关于早产和足月婴儿在生命最初18个月认知发展的观察结果，并表明早产和足月婴儿随着年龄增长，其行为和行为方式都发生了变化。
