Faurschou Ida Kaad, Erichsen Rune, Doll Dietrich, Haas Susanne
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Surgery, Pilonidal Disease Center, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark.
Colorectal Dis. 2024 Nov 3;27(1). doi: 10.1111/codi.17227.
Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a common condition, but no data on disease occurrence exist outside highly selected settings. The aim of this study was to assess time trends in the incidence of PSD in a nationwide setting.
Using data from nationwide Danish registries, we identified 48 247 patients recorded with diagnostic or surgical procedure codes representing PSD between 1996 and 2021. We stratified by sex and computed the age-adjusted and age-specific incidence rate, comparing 5-year intervals with the incidence rate ratio (IRR).
The overall incidence of PSD increased from 26.1 to 39.6/100 000 person-years (PY) from the period 1996-2000 to the period 2016-2021 (IRR 1.52, 95% CI 0.78-2.94). The incidence increased from 35.8 to 56.9/100 000 PY (IRR 1.59, 95% CI 0.52-4.89) in male patients and from 16.4 to 22.5/100 000 PY (IRR 1.37, 95% CI 0.68-2.76) in female patients. The peak of age-specific incidence was 215.7/100 000 PY (95% CI 206.1-245.4) among 20-year-old men and 107.9/100.000 PY (95% CI 100.0-114.0) among 18-year-old women. Over the study period, the median age at first hospital contact decreased from 27 years [interquartile range (IQR) 22-34 years) to 25 years (IQR 20-34 years) in men but remained stable around 23 years (IQR 18-32 years) in women. However, for both sexes, the highest increase in incidence was seen in early adolescence.
The incidence of PSD has increased significantly over the last decades. The increase is driven primarily by men and boys, with the highest increase in incidence seen in early adolescence. The increased burden of disease is not reflected in the literature, and more studies are warranted to understand the drivers of this development.
藏毛窦疾病（PSD）是一种常见病症，但在高度特定的环境之外不存在关于疾病发生情况的数据。本研究的目的是评估全国范围内PSD发病率的时间趋势。
利用丹麦全国登记处的数据，我们识别出1996年至2021年间记录有代表PSD的诊断或手术操作代码的48247名患者。我们按性别分层，并计算年龄调整发病率和特定年龄发病率，将5年间隔与发病率比（IRR）进行比较。
PSD的总体发病率从1996 - 2000年期间的26.1/100000人年增加到2016 - 2021年期间的39.6/100000人年（IRR 1.52，95%CI 0.78 - 2.94）。男性患者的发病率从35.8/100000人年增加到56.9/100000人年（IRR 1.59，95%CI 0.52 - 4.89），女性患者的发病率从16.4/100000人年增加到22.5/100000人年（IRR 1.37，95%CI 0.68 - 2.76）。特定年龄发病率的峰值在20岁男性中为215.7/100000人年（95%CI 206.1 - 245.4），在18岁女性中为107.9/100000人年（95%CI 100.0 - 114.0）。在研究期间，男性首次就医的中位年龄从27岁[四分位间距（IQR）22 - 34岁]降至25岁（IQR 20 - 34岁），而女性则保持在23岁左右稳定（IQR 18 - 32岁）。然而，对于两性而言，发病率最高的增长出现在青春期早期。
在过去几十年中，PSD的发病率显著增加。这种增加主要由男性和男孩推动，发病率最高的增长出现在青春期早期。疾病负担的增加在文献中未得到体现，需要更多研究来了解这一发展的驱动因素。
