Zhang Yueyao, Fan Mengke, Zhang Yingze
Trauma Emergency Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Oct 21;12:1421674. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1421674. eCollection 2024.
Bone defects can arise from trauma or pathological factors, resulting in compromised bone integrity and the loss or absence of bone tissue. As we are all aware, repairing bone defects is a core problem in bone tissue engineering. While minor bone defects can self-repair if the periosteum remains intact and normal osteogenesis occurs, significant defects or conditions such as congenital osteogenesis imperfecta present substantial challenges to self-healing. As research on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) advances, new fields of application have emerged; however, their application in orthopedics remains one of the most established and clinically valuable directions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research progress regarding MSCs in the treatment of diverse bone defects. MSCs, as multipotent stem cells, offer significant advantages due to their immunomodulatory properties and ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation. The review will encompass the characteristics of MSCs within the osteogenic microenvironment and summarize the research progress of MSCs in different types of bone defects, ranging from their fundamental characteristics and animal studies to clinical applications.
骨缺损可由创伤或病理因素引起，导致骨完整性受损以及骨组织的缺失或丧失。我们都知道，修复骨缺损是骨组织工程中的一个核心问题。虽然如果骨膜保持完整且发生正常的骨生成，轻微的骨缺损可以自我修复，但严重的缺损或诸如先天性成骨不全等情况对自我愈合提出了重大挑战。随着间充质干细胞（MSC）研究的进展，新的应用领域不断涌现；然而，它们在骨科领域的应用仍然是最成熟且具有临床价值的方向之一。本综述旨在全面概述间充质干细胞在治疗各种骨缺损方面的研究进展。间充质干细胞作为多能干细胞，因其免疫调节特性和成骨分化能力而具有显著优势。该综述将涵盖成骨微环境中间充质干细胞的特征，并总结间充质干细胞在不同类型骨缺损中的研究进展，从其基本特征、动物研究到临床应用。
