Cavalcante Joeliton S, Arruda Sabrina Santana Toledo, Riciopo Pedro Marques, Pucca Manuela, Ferreira Junior Rui Seabra
Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Agronomic Sciences School, São Paulo State University (UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil.
Toxicon X. 2024 Oct 10;24:100211. doi: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2024.100211. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Despite the development of new and advanced diagnostic approaches, monitoring the clinical evolution of accidents caused by venomous animals is still a challenge for science. In this review, we present the state of the art of laboratory tests that are routinely used for the diagnosis and monitoring of envenomings by venomous animals, as well as the use of new tools for more accurate and specific diagnoses. While a comprehensive range of tools is outlined, comprising hematological, biochemical, immunoassays, and diagnostic imaging tools, it is important to acknowledge their limitations in predicting the onset of clinical complications, since they provide an overview of organic damage after its development. Thus, the need for discovery, validation, and use of biomarkers that have greater predictive power, sensitivity and specificity is evident. This will help in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of patients envenomated by venomous animals, consequently reducing the global burden of morbidity and mortality.
尽管新的先进诊断方法不断发展，但监测有毒动物所致事故的临床进展仍是科学界面临的一项挑战。在本综述中，我们介绍了常用于诊断和监测有毒动物所致中毒的实验室检测的最新技术，以及使用新工具进行更准确和特异诊断的情况。虽然概述了一系列全面的工具，包括血液学、生物化学、免疫测定和诊断成像工具，但必须认识到它们在预测临床并发症发作方面的局限性，因为它们只是在有机损伤发生后提供其概况。因此，显然需要发现、验证和使用具有更大预测能力、敏感性和特异性的生物标志物。这将有助于对有毒动物中毒患者进行诊断、监测和治疗，从而减轻全球发病率和死亡率负担。
