Laboratoire B3OA UMR7052 CNRS U1271 INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
Laboratoire INEM UMR7355 CNRS, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 7;19(11):e0308974. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308974. eCollection 2024.
It is accepted that the metabolic response of bone tissue depends on the intensity of the mechanical loads, but also on the type and frequency of stress applied to it. Physical exercise such as running involves stresses which, under certain conditions, have been shown to have the best osteogenic effects. However, at high intensity, it can be deleterious for bone tissue. Consequently, there is no clear consensus as to which running modality would have the best osteogenic effects.
Our objective was to compare the effects of three running modalities on morphological and micro-architectural parameters on forelimb bones.
Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: high intensity interval training (HIIT), continuous running, combined running ((alternating HIIT and continuous modalities) and sedentary (control). The morphometry, trabecular microarchitecture and cortical porosity of the ulna, radius and humerus were analyzed using micro-tomography.
All three running modalities resulted in bone adaptation, with an increase in the diaphyseal diameter of all three bones. The combined running protocol had positive effects on the trabecular thickness in the distal ulna. The HIIT protocol resulted in an increase in both medio-lateral diameter and cortical bone area over total area (Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar) at the ulnar shaft compared with sedentary condition. Moreover, the HIIT protocol decreased the mean surface area of the medulla (Ma.Ar) according to sedentary condition at the ulnar shaft.
This study has shown that HIIT resulted in a decrease in trabecular bone fraction in favor of cortical bone area at the ulna.
人们普遍认为，骨组织的代谢反应取决于机械负荷的强度，但也取决于施加于骨组织的应力的类型和频率。像跑步这样的体育锻炼涉及到的应力，在某些条件下，已被证明具有最佳的成骨效果。然而，在高强度下，它可能对骨组织有害。因此，对于哪种跑步方式具有最佳的成骨效果，目前尚无明确共识。
我们的目的是比较三种跑步方式对前肢骨骼形态和微观结构参数的影响。
40 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为四组：高强度间歇训练（HIIT）、连续跑步、组合跑步（交替 HIIT 和连续模式）和 sedentary（对照组）。使用 micro-tomography 分析尺骨、桡骨和肱骨的形态、小梁微结构和皮质孔隙率。
所有三种跑步方式都导致了骨骼适应，所有三种骨骼的骨干直径都增加了。组合跑步方案对远端尺骨的小梁厚度有积极影响。与 sedentary 相比，HIIT 方案增加了尺骨干的中-外侧直径和皮质骨面积占总面积（Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar）。此外，与 sedentary 相比，HIIT 方案降低了尺骨干的髓腔平均表面积（Ma.Ar）。
本研究表明，HIIT 导致尺骨的小梁骨分数减少，皮质骨面积增加。
