Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Independent Researcher.
Int J Med Sci. 2024 Oct 7;21(14):2630-2639. doi: 10.7150/ijms.99116. eCollection 2024.
Intermittent fasting may be an effective tool for weight loss, but it is still unclear from previous studies to date whether it is as effective as a continuous energy restriction in terms of reducing adipose tissue and whether it leads to unwanted muscle loss. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intermittent fasting (IF) with continuous energy restriction (CER) on the body weight and body composition and to assess the effect of intermittent fasting also in isolation from the energy restriction. After completion of a three-week dietary intervention, differences in the weight loss and differences in the body composition were compared between three groups. The first group consumed 75% of their calculated energy intake requirements in a six-hour time window. The second group consumed 75% of their calculated energy intake requirements without a time window and the third group consumed 100% of their calculated energy intake requirements in a six-hour time window. The changes in the weight and body composition were assessed by BIA. Of the 95 randomized participants, 75 completed the intervention phase of the study. The highest mean weight loss was achieved by the IF with ER (energy restriction) group (2.3 ± 1.4 kg), followed by the CER group (2.2 ± 1.1 kg); the difference between the groups did not reach statistical significance. The lowest mean weight loss was observed in the IF without ER group (1.1 ± 1.2 kg), the difference reaching statistical significance compared to the IF with ER (p=0.003) and CER (p=0.012) groups. The highest mean adipose tissue loss was observed in the CER group (1.5 ± 1.2 kg) followed by the IF with ER group (1.3 ± 1.1 kg), with no statistically significant differences between the groups. A mean adipose tissue loss was found in the IF without ER group (0.9 ± 1.1 kg) with no statistically significant differences compared to the IF with ER and CER groups. The highest mean fat-free mass loss was found in the IF with ER group (1.1 ± 1.0 kg), followed by the CER group (0.65 ± 0.91 kg) with no statistically significant differences. The IF without ER group showed the lowest mean fat-free mass loss (0.2 ± 1.3 kg), which reached statistical significance compared to the IF with ER group (p=0.027). The results showed a comparable effect in the weight loss and body fat reduction regardless of the timing of the food intake. The diet quality, together with the energy intake, appeared to be one of the most important factors influencing the body composition.
间歇性禁食可能是一种有效的减肥工具，但迄今为止，以前的研究尚不清楚它在减少脂肪组织方面是否与持续能量限制一样有效，以及它是否会导致不必要的肌肉损失。本研究的目的是比较间歇性禁食（IF）与持续能量限制（CER）对体重和身体成分的影响，并评估 IF 在没有能量限制的情况下的效果。在完成为期三周的饮食干预后，比较三组之间的体重减轻差异和身体成分差异。第一组在六小时的时间窗口内摄入其计算出的能量摄入需求的 75%。第二组在没有时间窗口的情况下摄入其计算出的能量摄入需求的 75%，而第三组在六小时的时间窗口内摄入其计算出的能量摄入需求的 100%。通过 BIA 评估体重和身体成分的变化。在 95 名随机参与者中，有 75 名完成了研究的干预阶段。IF 联合 ER（能量限制）组的体重减轻幅度最大（2.3 ± 1.4 kg），其次是 CER 组（2.2 ± 1.1 kg）；组间差异无统计学意义。IF 无 ER 组的体重减轻幅度最小（1.1 ± 1.2 kg），与 IF 联合 ER（p=0.003）和 CER（p=0.012）组相比，差异有统计学意义。CER 组的脂肪组织丢失量最大（1.5 ± 1.2 kg），其次是 IF 联合 ER 组（1.3 ± 1.1 kg），组间差异无统计学意义。IF 无 ER 组的脂肪组织丢失量为 0.9 ± 1.1 kg，与 IF 联合 ER 和 CER 组相比，差异无统计学意义。IF 联合 ER 组的去脂体重丢失量最大（1.1 ± 1.0 kg），其次是 CER 组（0.65 ± 0.91 kg），组间差异无统计学意义。IF 无 ER 组的去脂体重丢失量最低（0.2 ± 1.3 kg），与 IF 联合 ER 组相比，差异有统计学意义（p=0.027）。结果表明，无论摄入食物的时间如何，在体重减轻和体脂减少方面均有相当的效果。饮食质量，连同能量摄入，似乎是影响身体成分的最重要因素之一。
