Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, South Korea.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2024 Nov 11;19:11767-11788. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S496028. eCollection 2024.
The advent of acoustically responsive nanodrugs that are specifically optimized for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a novel approach for clinical applications. Examining the therapeutic applications of sono-responsive drug delivery systems, understanding their dynamic response to acoustic stimuli, and their crucial role in enhancing targeted drug delivery are intriguing issues for current cancer treatment. Specifically, the suggested review covers SDT, a modality that enhances the cytotoxic activity of specific compounds (sonosensitizers) using ultrasound (US). Notably, SDT offers significant advantages in cancer treatment by utilizing US energy to precisely target and activate sonosensitizers toward deep-seated malignant sites. The potential mechanisms underlying SDT involve the generation of radicals from sonosensitizers, physical disruption of cell membranes, and enhanced drug transport into cells via US-assisted sonoporation. In particular, SDT is emerging as a promising modality for noninvasive, site-directed elimination of solid tumors. Given the complexity and diversity of tumors, many studies have explored the integration of SDT with other treatments to enhance the overall efficacy. This trend has paved the way for SDT-based multimodal synergistic cancer therapies, including sonophototherapy, sonoimmunotherapy, and sonochemotherapy. Representative studies of these multimodal approaches are comprehensively presented, with a detailed discussion of their underlying mechanisms. Additionally, the application of audible sound waves in biological systems is explored, highlighting their potential to influence cellular processes and enhance therapeutic outcomes. Audible sound waves can modulate enzyme activities and affect cell behavior, providing novel avenues for the use of sound-based techniques in medical applications. This review highlights the current challenges and prospects in the development of SDT-based nanomedicines in this rapidly evolving research field. The anticipated growth of this SDT-based therapeutic approach promises to significantly improve the precision of cancer treatment.
声响应纳米药物的出现是专门针对声动力学疗法 (SDT) 进行优化的，为临床应用提供了一种新方法。考察声响应药物传递系统的治疗应用，了解它们对声刺激的动态响应及其在增强靶向药物传递中的关键作用，是当前癌症治疗中一个有趣的问题。具体而言，本综述涵盖了 SDT，这是一种利用超声 (US) 增强特定化合物（声敏剂）细胞毒性活性的模式。值得注意的是，SDT 通过利用 US 能量精确靶向和激活声敏剂，对深部恶性部位进行治疗，为癌症治疗提供了显著优势。SDT 的潜在机制涉及声敏剂产生自由基、物理破坏细胞膜以及通过 US 辅助声孔作用增强药物向细胞内的运输。特别是，SDT 作为一种有前途的非侵入性、定点消除实体瘤的方法正在出现。鉴于肿瘤的复杂性和多样性，许多研究探索了将 SDT 与其他治疗方法相结合以提高整体疗效。这种趋势为基于 SDT 的多模式协同癌症治疗铺平了道路，包括声光疗、声免疫疗法和声化学疗法。综合呈现了这些多模式方法的代表性研究，并详细讨论了它们的潜在机制。此外，还探讨了可听声波在生物系统中的应用，强调了它们影响细胞过程和增强治疗效果的潜力。可听声波可以调节酶活性并影响细胞行为，为声音技术在医学应用中的应用提供了新途径。本综述强调了在这个快速发展的研究领域中开发基于 SDT 的纳米医学所面临的当前挑战和前景。基于 SDT 的治疗方法的预期增长有望显著提高癌症治疗的精确性。
