Ali Sarah, Zehra Aiza, Khalid Muhammad Umair, Hassan Momina, Shah Syed Imran Ali
MBBS, CMH Lahore Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Head of Department, Department of Biochemistry, CMH Lahore Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Discoveries (Craiova). 2023 Dec 31;11(4):e179. doi: 10.15190/d.2023.18. eCollection 2023 Oct-Dec.
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a ring-shaped pentameric protein synthesized in the liver via CRP gene transcription. It is an inflammatory marker, whose serum levels can be measured using traditional and high-sensitivity tests. In healthy adults, the normal CRP serum concentrations vary between 0.8 mg/L and 3.0 mg/L. These can be grouped into low-, moderate-, and high-risk categories according to CRP levels of less than 1, 1-3, and greater than 3 mg/L, respectively. Elevated levels have been observed in infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and malignancies. However, it is not specific to any disease. Serum CRP levels have also been shown to indicate the risk of cardiovascular disease, owing to their role as inflammatory markers in atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Furthermore, its role in autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, and its involvement in the development of cancers, including breast, colorectal, ovarian, prostate, and lung cancers, have also been studied. The involvement of CRP in determining the course of infection and differentiating between bacterial and viral infections has also been investigated. This review summarizes the published literature on C-reactive protein and its role in disease management and progression.
C反应蛋白（CRP）是一种通过CRP基因转录在肝脏中合成的环状五聚体蛋白。它是一种炎症标志物，其血清水平可通过传统检测和高敏检测来测量。在健康成年人中，正常的CRP血清浓度在0.8毫克/升和3.0毫克/升之间。根据CRP水平分别低于1、1 - 3和高于3毫克/升，可将其分为低、中、高风险类别。在感染、自身免疫性疾病、神经退行性疾病和恶性肿瘤中均观察到CRP水平升高。然而，它并非任何一种疾病所特有的。血清CRP水平还因其在动脉粥样硬化、冠状动脉疾病和外周动脉疾病中作为炎症标志物的作用，而被证明可指示心血管疾病风险。此外，人们还研究了它在系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿关节炎等自身免疫性疾病中的作用，以及它在乳腺癌、结直肠癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌和肺癌等癌症发生发展过程中的作用。CRP在确定感染病程以及区分细菌感染和病毒感染方面的作用也已得到研究。本综述总结了关于C反应蛋白及其在疾病管理和进展中作用的已发表文献。
