Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, 357 Ximen Road, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 18;14(1):28526. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79482-0.
Tenebrio molitor, which is rich in various nutrients, and its polysaccharides, as significant bioactive substances, exhibit strong antioxidant effects. This study utilized defatted T. molitor as raw material and employed an ultrasound-assisted extraction method. The factors considered include extraction temperature, time, ultrasound power, and liquid-to-feed ratio, with the yield of T. molitor polysaccharides as the response value. Based on single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, the optimal extraction parameters for T. molitor polysaccharides were determined. Following purification, protein removal, and dialysis to eliminate impurities, the structure of the extracted polysaccharides was preliminarily investigated using infrared spectroscopy. Their antioxidant activities were explored by measuring their DPPH·, OH·, and ABTS· radical scavenging abilities and Fe reducing power. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction were an extraction temperature of 75 °C, an extraction time of 150 min, an ultrasound power of 270 W, and a liquid-to-feed ratio of 15:1 mL/g, yielding a polysaccharide extraction rate of 9.513%. Infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of pyranose sugars with main functional groups including C-O, C=O, and O-H. Antioxidant activity tests showed that within a certain concentration range, the higher the polysaccharide concentration, the stronger its radical scavenging abilities. Compared with Vitamin C(Vc), the polysaccharides had stronger scavenging abilities for DPPH· and OH·, some scavenging ability for ABTS, and Fe reduction ability, and corresponding to IC values of 0.9625, 9.1909, and 235.69 mg/mL respectively. The Fe reducing power reached a maximum absorbance of 0.38899 at a concentration of 1.6 mg/mL. T. molitor polysaccharides demonstrate promising antioxidant activity and potential as functional ingredients in food, health products, and pharmaceuticals, providing new technical references for the development and utilization of T. molitor resources.
黄粉虫，富含多种营养物质，其多糖作为重要的生物活性物质，具有较强的抗氧化作用。本研究以脱脂黄粉虫为原料，采用超声辅助提取法。考虑的因素包括提取温度、时间、超声功率和液料比，以黄粉虫多糖得率为响应值。基于单因素实验和响应面法，确定了黄粉虫多糖的最佳提取工艺参数。经纯化、除蛋白、透析去除杂质后，采用红外光谱法对提取的多糖结构进行了初步研究。通过测定其对 DPPH·、OH·和 ABTS·自由基的清除能力以及 Fe 还原能力，探讨了其抗氧化活性。结果表明，超声辅助提取的最佳条件为提取温度 75℃、提取时间 150min、超声功率 270W、液料比 15:1mL/g，多糖提取率为 9.513%。红外光谱分析表明，存在吡喃糖，主要官能团包括 C-O、C=O 和 O-H。抗氧化活性试验表明，在一定浓度范围内，多糖浓度越高，其自由基清除能力越强。与维生素 C（Vc）相比，多糖对 DPPH·和 OH·的清除能力较强，对 ABTS 的清除能力较弱，Fe 还原能力较强，相应的 IC 值分别为 0.9625、9.1909 和 235.69mg/mL。Fe 还原能力在 1.6mg/mL 浓度时最大吸光度达到 0.38899。黄粉虫多糖具有良好的抗氧化活性，有望成为食品、保健品和药品中的功能性成分，为黄粉虫资源的开发利用提供新的技术参考。
