Wang XiYun, Zhang Sale, Li Ying, Zhang Yu
Department of Neurology, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
Medical College, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710125, China.
Hum Mol Genet. 2025 Jan 29;34(2):117-127. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddae154.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, predominantly affects individuals over the age of 65 and poses significant challenges in terms of effective management and treatment. The disease's pathogenesis involves complex molecular pathways including misfolded proteins accumulation, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction. Recent insights have highlighted the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as critical regulators within these pathways, where they influence gene expression and contribute to the pathophysiological landscape of AD. Notably, emerging research has demonstrated that polyphenols, including curcumin, might modulate miRNA activity, thus offering a novel approach to mitigate AD symptoms and progression. This review explores the potential mechanisms through which polyphenols regulate miRNA expression and activity, specifically focusing on autophagy enhancement and inflammation reduction in the context of AD. We provide a detailed examination of key studies linking miRNA dysregulation to AD pathogenesis and discuss how polyphenols might correct these aberrations. The findings presented here underscore the therapeutic potential of polyphenols in AD treatment via miRNA modulation, pointing to new directions in disease management strategies and highlighting the need for targeted research into miRNA-based interventions.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，主要影响65岁以上的人群，在有效管理和治疗方面带来了重大挑战。该疾病的发病机制涉及复杂的分子途径，包括错误折叠蛋白的积累、神经炎症和突触功能障碍。最近的研究表明，微小RNA（miRNA）在这些途径中作为关键调节因子发挥作用，它们影响基因表达并促成了AD的病理生理格局。值得注意的是，新出现的研究表明，包括姜黄素在内的多酚类物质可能调节miRNA活性，从而提供一种减轻AD症状和延缓疾病进展的新方法。本综述探讨了多酚类物质调节miRNA表达和活性的潜在机制，特别关注在AD背景下自噬增强和炎症减轻方面。我们详细审视了将miRNA失调与AD发病机制联系起来的关键研究，并讨论了多酚类物质如何纠正这些异常。此处呈现的研究结果强调了多酚类物质通过调节miRNA在AD治疗中的潜在治疗作用，为疾病管理策略指明了新方向，并凸显了针对基于miRNA的干预措施进行靶向研究的必要性。
