Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Microbial Interactions, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2024 Nov 25;118(1):33. doi: 10.1007/s10482-024-02041-0.
On the deep and dark seafloor, a cryptic and yet untapped microbial diversity flourishes around hydrothermal vent systems. This remote environment of difficult accessibility exhibits extreme conditions, including high pressure, steep temperature- and redox gradients, limited availability of oxygen and complete darkness. In this study, we analysed the genomes of three aerobic strains belonging to the phylum Planctomycetota that were isolated from two deep-sea iron- rich hydroxide deposits with low temperature diffusive vents. The vents are located in the Arctic and Pacific Ocean at a depth of 600 and 1,734 m below sea level, respectively. The isolated strains Pr1d, K2D and TBK1r were analyzed with a focus on genome-encoded features that allow phenotypical adaptations to the low temperature iron-rich deep-sea environment. The comparison with genomes of closely related surface-inhabiting counterparts indicates that the deep-sea isolates do not differ significantly from members of the phylum Planctomycetota inhabiting other habitats, such as macroalgae biofilms and the ocean surface waters. Despite inhabiting extreme environments, our "deep and dark"-strains revealed a mostly non-extreme genome biology.
在深海黑暗的海底，热液喷口系统周围存在着神秘但尚未开发的微生物多样性。这个难以到达的偏远环境具有极端条件，包括高压、陡峭的温度和氧化还原梯度、有限的氧气供应和完全的黑暗。在这项研究中，我们分析了从两个深海富铁氢氧化物沉积物中分离出的三个属于浮霉菌门的好氧菌株的基因组，这些沉积物分别位于北极和太平洋，水深分别为 600 和 1734 米。对分离株 Pr1d、K2D 和 TBK1r 进行了分析，重点研究了基因组编码的特征，这些特征允许表型适应低温富铁深海环境。与密切相关的表面栖息对应物的基因组比较表明，深海分离物与栖息在其他栖息地的浮霉菌门成员没有显著差异，如大型藻类生物膜和海洋表面水域。尽管生活在极端环境中，但我们的“深海黑暗”菌株显示出的基因组生物学主要是非极端的。
