Tyski Stefan, Bocian Ewa, Laudy Agnieszka E
National Medicines Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Laboratory Diagnostic, Warsaw, Poland.
Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Bioanalysis, Warsaw, Poland.
Pol J Microbiol. 2024 Dec 2;73(4):413-431. doi: 10.33073/pjm-2024-043. eCollection 2024 Dec 1.
Disinfectants and antiseptics lead in reducing the number of microorganisms, including pathogenic ones, thus limiting the number of infections. In the veterinary field, disinfection prevents the transfer of pathogenic microorganisms from animals to humans and , as well as among animals. Several assays of disinfectant antimicrobial activity testing, often not standardized, without appropriate controls, and not validated, have been used and published. To unify these methods, nine European Standards (ENs) for the veterinary area have been prepared. These tests make it possible to examine whether a given disinfectant has bactericidal, fungicidal, or virucidal activity by the standard. This publication discusses ENs regarding the assessment of the above-mentioned antimicrobial activity of disinfectants used in veterinary medicine. Recent research on this topic has also been cited. According to ENs, tests are carried out using the suspension method or carriers in clean and dirty conditions. The decontamination of high-risk animal and zoonotic pathogens is also discussed. Selected publications on cattle, pig, poultry, and aquaculture farm disinfection are presented. Only valid methods of the described studies with appropriate statistical analysis can prove adequate antimicrobial activity. So far, the role of international standards in investigating the antimicrobial activity of disinfectants and antiseptics to reduce infections has been underestimated. This publication highlights gaps and irregularities in conducted research and aims to inform about existing EN standards dedicated to testing the biocidal activity of disinfectants and antiseptics intended for use in the veterinary area.
消毒剂和防腐剂在减少微生物数量（包括致病微生物）方面效果显著，从而限制感染数量。在兽医领域，消毒可防止致病微生物从动物传播给人类以及在动物之间传播。过去已使用并发表了多种消毒剂抗菌活性测试方法，但这些方法往往不规范，缺乏适当对照且未经验证。为统一这些方法，现已制定了九项针对兽医领域的欧洲标准（ENs）。通过这些测试能够按照标准检查某种给定消毒剂是否具有杀菌、杀真菌或杀病毒活性。本出版物讨论了有关评估兽用消毒剂上述抗菌活性的欧洲标准，还引用了近期关于该主题的研究。根据欧洲标准，测试在清洁和污染条件下使用悬液法或载体法进行。文中还讨论了对高风险动物和人畜共患病原体的去污处理。介绍了关于牛、猪、家禽和水产养殖场消毒的部分出版物。只有采用适当统计分析的所述研究的有效方法才能证明具有足够的抗菌活性。到目前为止，国际标准在研究消毒剂和防腐剂的抗菌活性以减少感染方面的作用一直被低估。本出版物突出了所开展研究中的差距和不规范之处，旨在介绍专门用于测试兽用消毒剂和防腐剂杀生物活性的现有欧洲标准。
