Lin Chujun, Keles Umit, Thornton Mark A, Adolphs Ralph
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Jan;9(1):208-226. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-02059-4. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
People form impressions of one another in a split second from faces. However, people also infer others' momentary mental states on the basis of context-for example, one might infer that somebody feels encouraged from the fact that they are receiving constructive feedback. How do trait judgements of faces influence these context-based mental state inferences? In this Registered Report, we asked participants to infer the mental states of unfamiliar people, identified by their neutral faces, under specific contexts. To increase generalizability, we representatively sampled all stimuli from inclusive sets using computational methods. We tested four hypotheses: that trait impressions of faces (1) are correlated with subsequent mental state inferences in a range of contexts, (2) alter the dimensional space that underlies mental state inferences, (3) are associated with specific mental state dimensions in this space and (4) causally influence mental state inferences. We found evidence in support of all hypotheses.
人们在瞬间就能通过面部形成对他人的印象。然而，人们也会根据情境推断他人的瞬间心理状态——例如，有人可能会从他人正在接受建设性反馈这一事实推断出此人受到了鼓舞。对面部的特质判断如何影响这些基于情境的心理状态推断呢？在这份注册报告中，我们要求参与者在特定情境下推断由中性面孔识别出的陌生人的心理状态。为了提高普遍性，我们使用计算方法从包容性集合中代表性地抽取了所有刺激样本。我们测试了四个假设：面部的特质印象（1）在一系列情境中与随后的心理状态推断相关，（2）改变心理状态推断所基于的维度空间，（3）与该空间中的特定心理状态维度相关，以及（4）因果性地影响心理状态推断。我们发现了支持所有假设的证据。
