Jia Yatian, Wang Hui, Fan Wen, Lv Jie, Niu Qingmei, Zhu Ruifang, Zhang Qian
Nursing Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
School of Nursing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yuci, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Nov 19;11:1493410. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1493410. eCollection 2024.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition, with its incidence and mortality rates steadily rising over time, posing a significant threat to human health. Studies have indicated that polyphenols exhibit a certain degree of protective effect against coronary heart disease. However, the findings regarding the impact of polyphenol-rich seed foods on patients with CHD have yielded inconsistent results.
This study investigated the effects of polyphenol-rich seed foods on blood lipids and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease.
The China National Knowledge Network, China Science and Technology Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for articles from the self-built database until March 16, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Edition 2 of the Cochrane Randomized Trials Risk Bias Tool, and data analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.
The study encompassed seven articles, with a total participation of 324 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The study incorporated three seed foods abundant in polyphenols: Brazil nut, almond, and flaxseed. The meta-analysis findings revealed a significant reduction in triglyceride levels [MD = -20.03, 95% CI (-32.25, -17.44), 0.00001] among patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease who incorporated seed-based foods abundant in polyphenols into their diet regimen. Furthermore, a notable enhancement was observed in HDL cholesterol levels [MD = 3.14, 95% CI (1.55, 4.72), = 0.0001]. Moreover, the type of intervention substance influenced the observed effects. The consumption of almonds has been demonstrated to significantly reduce total cholesterol [MD = -15.53, 95% CI (-21.97, -9.1), < 0.00001] and LDL cholesterol [MD = -14.62, 95% CI (-20.92, -8.33), < 0.00001] in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Additionally, the incorporation of flaxseed into the diet has shown an enhanced effect on reducing C-reactive protein levels.
The consumption of polyphenol-rich seed foods can moderately improve TG and HDL-C levels in patients with coronary heart disease, while incorporating flaxseed into their diet can effectively improve inflammatory markers.
冠心病（CHD）是一种常见的心血管疾病，其发病率和死亡率随着时间的推移稳步上升，对人类健康构成重大威胁。研究表明，多酚对冠心病具有一定程度的保护作用。然而，关于富含多酚的种子类食物对冠心病患者影响的研究结果并不一致。
本研究调查了富含多酚的种子类食物对冠心病患者血脂和炎症标志物的影响。
在中国知网、中国科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase和Web of Science中检索自建数据库截至2024年3月16日的文章。使用Cochrane随机试验偏倚风险工具第2版评估纳入研究的质量，并使用RevMan 5.4进行数据分析。
该研究纳入7篇文章，共有324例确诊为冠心病的患者参与。该研究纳入了三种富含多酚的种子类食物：巴西坚果、杏仁和亚麻籽。荟萃分析结果显示，在饮食中纳入富含多酚的种子类食物的冠心病患者中，甘油三酯水平显著降低[MD = -20.03，95%CI（-32.25，-17.44），P = 0.00001]。此外，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高[MD = 3.14，95%CI（1.55，4.72），P = 0.0001]。此外，干预物质的类型影响观察到的效果。已证明食用杏仁可显著降低冠心病患者的总胆固醇[MD = -15.53，95%CI（-21.97，-9.1），P < 0.00001]和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[MD = -14.62，95%CI（-20.92，-8.33），P < 0.00001]。此外，在饮食中加入亚麻籽对降低C反应蛋白水平有增强作用。
食用富含多酚的种子类食物可适度改善冠心病患者的甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，而在饮食中加入亚麻籽可有效改善炎症标志物。
