Gao Zheng-Xiang, Xu Hong, Yang Qu, Xie Liang, Chen Li-Na, Liu Han-Min
Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Nov 20;12:1476330. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1476330. eCollection 2024.
Human adenoviruses are prevalent pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory infections. The clinical presentation of the adenoviral pneumonia is varied; in severe cases, they may cause systemic multi-system damages. Currently, early clinical differential diagnosis is difficult under the existing testing methods, the study identified potential biomarkers by screening and validating differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and aimed at distinguishing between severe and non-severe adenovirus pneumonia in children aged <14 years.
DEPs were identified using data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics technology, and potential biomarkers were further validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Twenty-seven identical DEPs were found in patients with severe adenovirus pneumonia. Among these, 10 were downregulated, and 17 were upregulated. In the protein-protein interaction network, five proteins were located at the center of the functional network. Among these, E-selectin showed significantly higher serum expression levels in the severe adenoviral pneumonia group than in adenoviral pneumonia and control groups ( < 0.001). ELISA results were consistent with the proteomic analyses. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for E-selectin revealed a sensitivity of 79.31% and a specificity of 96.55%, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92.
E-selectin has potential as a novel biomarker for severe adenoviral pneumonia, and offers insights for improved diagnosis and clinical management.
人腺病毒是引起严重急性呼吸道感染的常见病原体。腺病毒性肺炎的临床表现多样；在严重情况下，可导致全身多系统损害。目前，在现有检测方法下早期临床鉴别诊断困难，本研究通过筛选和验证差异表达蛋白（DEPs）来确定潜在生物标志物，旨在区分14岁以下儿童的重症和非重症腺病毒肺炎。
使用数据非依赖采集（DIA）定量蛋白质组学技术鉴定DEPs，并使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进一步验证潜在生物标志物。
在重症腺病毒肺炎患者中发现了27种相同的DEPs。其中，10种下调，17种上调。在蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络中，5种蛋白质位于功能网络的中心。其中，E-选择素在重症腺病毒肺炎组中的血清表达水平显著高于腺病毒肺炎组和对照组（<0.001）。ELISA结果与蛋白质组学分析一致。E-选择素的受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线显示敏感性为79.31%，特异性为96.55%，曲线下面积（AUC）为0.92。
E-选择素有望成为重症腺病毒肺炎的新型生物标志物，并为改善诊断和临床管理提供思路。
