Kim Yewon, Lee Sanghyun, Kim Chulwoo, Yoon Sun-Woo, Jeon Sejin, Kweon Mi-Na, Seong Baik-Lin, Seo Sang-Uk, Jang Yo Han
Department of Vaccine Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea.
Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 9;10(20):e39049. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39049. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Although vaccines and antivirals are currently available, influenza virus infections continually present major threats to human health. Due to genetic diversity and variability of influenza viruses, the development of new antiviral agents against the virus remains as a considerable challenge. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of the water extract and ethanol extract of Hedl. (SCH), widely used as a medical herb, against influenza A viruses and identified molecular mechanisms for the antiviral activity. The water extract and ethanol extract of SCH demonstrated virucidal activity against influenza A virus at the noncytotoxic concentrations. In addition, cytopathic effect reduction assay and GFP fluorescence image analysis suggest that SCH extracts have inhibitory activity on multiple stages during influenza virus life cycle. Mechanisms studies showed that SCH extracts inhibited the biological functions of influenza viral surface hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins that play critical roles in the viral entry and release steps. SCH extracts not only prevented the receptor binding of influenza viral HA to the cellular receptors but also inhibited the HA-mediated membrane fusion. In addition, SCH extracts suppressed the enzyme activity of the viral neuraminidase. The results together suggest that SCH extracts contain antiviral natural compounds that inhibit multiple influenza viral proteins including the viral surface proteins. Our findings suggest that SCH extracts could be promising resources for the development of novel antiviral agents against influenza A viruses.
尽管目前已有疫苗和抗病毒药物，但流感病毒感染仍然对人类健康构成重大威胁。由于流感病毒的基因多样性和变异性，开发针对该病毒的新型抗病毒药物仍然是一项巨大的挑战。在本研究中，我们评估了广泛用作草药的黑果腺肋花楸（Hedl.，简称SCH）水提取物和乙醇提取物对甲型流感病毒的抗病毒活性，并确定了其抗病毒活性的分子机制。SCH的水提取物和乙醇提取物在无细胞毒性浓度下对甲型流感病毒具有杀病毒活性。此外，细胞病变效应减少试验和绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）荧光图像分析表明，SCH提取物在流感病毒生命周期的多个阶段具有抑制活性。机制研究表明，SCH提取物抑制了流感病毒表面血凝素和神经氨酸酶蛋白的生物学功能，这些蛋白在病毒进入和释放步骤中起关键作用。SCH提取物不仅阻止了流感病毒血凝素（HA）与细胞受体的结合，还抑制了HA介导的膜融合。此外，SCH提取物抑制了病毒神经氨酸酶的酶活性。这些结果共同表明，SCH提取物含有抗病毒天然化合物，可抑制多种流感病毒蛋白，包括病毒表面蛋白。我们的研究结果表明，SCH提取物有望成为开发抗甲型流感病毒新型抗病毒药物的资源。
