Hu Xiangyu, Sun Lingli, Han Taoli, Zhao Jianhong, Qi Xiao, Zhang Yue, Lu Pan, Zhao Jiaxin, Gao Yan, Zhang Zheng, Li Beibei, Du Jialiang, Jiao Yang
Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 10;10(20):e39202. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39202. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
In the past decade, we have continuously conducted sporadic monitoring and outbreak detection of norovirus (NoV), which causes human acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in the capital of China. Accumulated data have shown that genogroup I (GI) NoVs not only cause sporadic cases but also cannot be ignored during outbreaks. This study aimed to update the genetic diversity of GI NoVs in the capital of China from 2014 to 2023.
Fecal or anal swab samples were collected from AGE outbreaks triggered by GI NoVs in Beijing Chaoyang District from 2014 to 2023. Both the partial coding genes of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (∼283 bp) and viral protein 1 (VP1) (∼303 bp) were amplified via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequenced, followed by genotyping and phylogenetic analysis.
A total of 421 fecal or anal swab samples were collected from 59 AGE outbreaks caused by GI NoVs. Genetic diversity was observed, with nine genotypes reported, including recombinant strains of GI.6[P11] and GI.3[P13], as well as multiple subtypes that cocirculated. In addition, we also reported a shift in the dominant genotype, with GI.6 [P11] in 2015-2018, GI.3 [P13] in 2019-2021, and GI.4 [P4] in 2023. Furthermore, alterations in amino acids were indirectly indicated through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in certain VP1 areas of strains GI.3[P13] and GI.6[P11]. Epidemiologically, the peak of infection induced by GI NoVs occurs from March to May.
The sustained circulation and obvious genotype shift of GI NoVs in this region cannot be ignored, and GI.4[P4] NoVs are highly likely to become the main epidemic strain in the following years.
在过去十年中，我们持续对导致人类急性胃肠炎（AGE）的诺如病毒（NoV）进行了散发病例监测和疫情检测，监测地点位于中国首都。累积数据表明，基因Ⅰ群（GI）诺如病毒不仅会引发散发病例，在疫情期间也不容忽视。本研究旨在更新2014年至2023年中国首都GI诺如病毒的遗传多样性情况。
收集2014年至2023年北京朝阳区由GI诺如病毒引发的AGE疫情中的粪便或肛拭子样本。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）扩增RNA依赖RNA聚合酶（RdRp）（约283 bp）和病毒蛋白1（VP1）（约303 bp）的部分编码基因并进行测序，随后进行基因分型和系统发育分析。
共从59起由GI诺如病毒引起的AGE疫情中收集了421份粪便或肛拭子样本。观察到了遗传多样性，报告了9种基因型，包括GI.6[P11]和GI.3[P13]的重组株以及多种共同流行的亚型。此外，我们还报告了优势基因型的转变，2015 - 2018年为GI.6 [P11]，2019 - 2021年为GI.3 [P13]，2023年为GI.4 [P4]。此外，通过GI.3[P13]和GI.6[P代表株11]某些VP1区域的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）间接表明了氨基酸的变化。在流行病学方面，GI诺如病毒引起的感染高峰出现在3月至5月。
该地区GI诺如病毒的持续传播和明显的基因型转变不容忽视，GI.4[P4]诺如病毒极有可能在未来几年成为主要流行毒株。
