Jo Sangjin, Park Minsu, Yusupov Ziyoviddin, Tojibaev Komiljon Sh, Kenicer Gregory J, Choi Sangho, Paik Jin-Hyub
International Biological Material Research Center (IBMRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences, Durmon yuli str. 32, Tashkent, 100125, Uzbekistan.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Dec 6;24(1):1172. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05891-y.
Intracellular gene transfer (IGT) is a phenomenon in genome evolution that occurs between the nuclear and organellar genomes of plants or between the genomes of different organelles. The majority of the plastid genomes (plastomes) in angiosperms have a conserved structure, but some species exhibit unexpected structural variations.
In this study, we focused on the Ferulinae, which includes Ferula, one of the largest genera in the Apiaceae family. We discovered IGTs in the rps12-trnV IGS region of the plastome's inverted repeat (IR). We found that partial mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences, ranging in length from about 2.8 to 5.8 kb, were imported into the plastome. In addition to these, that are known from other Scandiceae subtribes, the Ferulinae plastomes contained two unique mitogenome sequences. We have named these sequences Ferula Mitochondrial Plastid sequences (FeMP). FeMP1 varies in length from 336 bp to 1,100 bp, while FeMP2 ranges from 50 bp to 740 bp in length, with the exception of F. conocaula and F. kingdon-wardii, which do not possess FeMP2. Notably, FeMP2 includes a complete rps7 gene of mitogenome origin. In the maximum likelihood (ML) tree constructed from 79 protein-coding genes, Ferulinae appears as a monophyletic group, while Ferula shows paraphyly. Dorema and Fergania are nested within the Ferula clade, sharing the unusual characteristics of the Ferula plastome. Based on these findings, a reclassification of Dorema and Fergania is warranted.
Our results shed light on the mechanism of plastome evolution in the Scandiceae with a focus on the unique plastome structure found in the Apiaceae. These findings enhance our understanding of the evolution of plant organellar genomes.
细胞内基因转移（IGT）是基因组进化中的一种现象，发生在植物的核基因组和细胞器基因组之间或不同细胞器的基因组之间。被子植物中大多数质体基因组（质体组）具有保守结构，但一些物种表现出意想不到的结构变异。
在本研究中，我们聚焦于阿魏亚族，其中包括阿魏属，它是伞形科最大的属之一。我们在质体组反向重复序列（IR）的rps12 - trnV间隔区发现了细胞内基因转移现象。我们发现长度约为2.8至5.8 kb的部分线粒体基因组（线粒体组）序列被导入到质体组中。除了其他刺芹亚族已知的这些序列外，阿魏亚族质体组还包含两个独特的线粒体组序列。我们将这些序列命名为阿魏线粒体质体序列（FeMP）。FeMP1的长度在336 bp至1100 bp之间变化，而FeMP2的长度范围为50 bp至740 bp，但圆锥茎阿魏和金敦氏阿魏除外，它们不具有FeMP2。值得注意的是，FeMP2包含一个源自线粒体组的完整rps7基因。在由79个蛋白质编码基因构建的最大似然（ML）树中，阿魏亚族表现为一个单系类群，而阿魏属表现为并系性。杜若属和新疆阿魏属嵌套在阿魏属分支内，共享阿魏属质体组的异常特征。基于这些发现，有必要对杜若属和新疆阿魏属进行重新分类。
我们的结果揭示了刺芹亚族质体组进化的机制，重点关注伞形科中发现的独特质体组结构。这些发现增进了我们对植物细胞器基因组进化的理解。
