Duan YuQing, Wang Li, Liu Qi, Huang Wanyu
College of Sports Science, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Physical Education Department, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai China.
J Sports Sci Med. 2024 Dec 1;23(4):872-881. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2024.872. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The purpose of this study was to compare the adaptations in muscular strength, power, and landing forces of young female volleyball players enrolled in two experimental programs: one using smaller formats of the game (SFG) and the other using larger formats of the game (LFG), with a third group serving as a control. This study employed a randomized controlled design, with an 8-week intervention period and pre- and post-intervention evaluations. Fifty-six trained/developmental participants (age: 14.7 ± 0.5 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Each experimental group received additional training twice a week. The SFG group participated in 2v2 and 3v3 formats on smaller courts (covering 2/6 of the court's available zones) with a regular net, while the LFG group played in 4v4 and 5v5 formats on larger courts (covering 4/6 of the court's available zones). Assessments were conducted using force platforms and included the following tests: (i) isometric mid-thigh pull test (IMTP), measuring peak force; (ii) squat jump test (SJ), measuring peak force; (iii) countermovement jump test (CMJ), measuring peak power and landing force; and (iv) drop jump test (DJT), measuring the reactive strength index. Significant differences emerged post-intervention across all outcomes (p < 0.05). The SFG exhibited significantly greater IMTP peak force compared to both the LFG (p = 0.012) and control groups (p = 0.035). Additionally, the SFG showed significantly greater SJ peak force than the LFG (p = 0.036) and control groups (p = 0.023). Regarding CMJ peak power, significantly higher values were observed in the SFG compared to the LFG (p = 0.042) and control groups (p = 0.046). Moreover, the SFG had significantly lower CMJ peak landing force than both the LFG (p = 0.049) and control groups (p = 0.046). Finally, RSI was significantly higher in the SFG than in the LFG (p = 0.046) and control groups (p = 0.036). This study highlights the significant benefits of incorporating 2v2 and 3v3 SFG formats to enhance muscular strength, power, and landing forces in young female volleyball players, contrasting with less effective outcomes observed with 4v4 and 5v5 LFG formats, suggesting potential neuromuscular advantages crucial for improving volleyball performance.
本研究的目的是比较参与两个实验项目的年轻女性排球运动员在肌肉力量、功率和落地力量方面的适应性：一个项目采用较小规模的比赛形式（SFG），另一个采用较大规模的比赛形式（LFG），第三组作为对照组。本研究采用随机对照设计，干预期为8周，并在干预前后进行评估。五十六名训练有素/处于发展阶段的参与者（年龄：14.7±0.5岁）自愿参与本研究。每个实验组每周额外接受两次训练。SFG组在较小的场地（覆盖场地可用区域的2/6）、使用常规球网进行2对2和3对3形式的比赛，而LFG组在较大的场地（覆盖场地可用区域的4/6）进行4对4和5对5形式的比赛。使用测力平台进行评估，包括以下测试：（i）等长中大腿拉伸测试（IMTP），测量峰值力；（ii）深蹲跳测试（SJ），测量峰值力；（iii）反向移动跳测试（CMJ），测量峰值功率和落地力量；（iv）下落跳测试（DJT），测量反应力量指数。干预后所有结果均出现显著差异（p<0.05）。与LFG组（p = 0.012）和对照组（p = 0.035）相比，SFG组的IMTP峰值力显著更大。此外，SFG组的SJ峰值力显著高于LFG组（p = 0.036）和对照组（p = 0.023）。关于CMJ峰值功率，SFG组的值显著高于LFG组（p = 0.042）和对照组（p = 0.046）。此外，SFG组的CMJ峰值落地力量显著低于LFG组（p = 0.049）和对照组（p = 0.046）。最后，SFG组的RSI显著高于LFG组（p = 0.046）和对照组（p = 0.036）。本研究强调了采用2对2和3对3的SFG形式对增强年轻女性排球运动员的肌肉力量、功率和落地力量具有显著益处，与4对4和5对5的LFG形式观察到的效果较差形成对比，表明潜在的神经肌肉优势对提高排球表现至关重要。
