Alberico Claudia, Zweig Maria, Carter Allison, Hughey S Morgan, Huang Jing-Huei, Schipperijn Jasper, Floyd Myron F, Hipp J Aaron
North Carolina Central University, Center for Health Disparities Research, Durham, NC, USA.
College of Charleston, Department of Health and Human Performance, Charleston, SC, USA.
J Urban Health. 2025 Feb;102(1):152-164. doi: 10.1007/s11524-024-00943-y. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
Parks are one component of the built environment to promote regular physical activity (PA) among youth. This study investigated differences in park-based PA among youth based on demographics and park features in racially or ethnically diverse communities. In 2017-2018, parks were selected in majority Asian (n = 3), Latino (n = 5), and Black (n = 4) neighborhoods in North Carolina (n = 6) and New York (n = 6). Researchers recruited parents/caregivers of 5-10-year-olds to participate. Children wore an Actigraph GT3 + waist accelerometer and a QStarz GPS unit and were instructed to play normally for at least 15 min. Evenson cut-points were used to classify PA levels as sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous. Chi-squared tests and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to examine differences in PA intensity minutes (sedentary, light, moderate-to-vigorous) across study location and demographic variables. Youth participated from NY (n = 200) and NC (n = 157). Overall, most park-based PA was spent in light intensity (59.9%), followed by moderate-to-vigorous intensity (32.4%). Females, compared to male participants, spent more time in sedentary behavior (9.0%, 6.1%) and less time in moderate-to-vigorous PA (26.6%, 38.1%). Participants who identified as Black (32.9% MVPA), Latino (35.8%), and Other (39.8%) spent higher percentages of time in moderate-to-vigorous PA than Asian (26.6%) and non-Hispanic White (21.3%) participants. The highest proportion of moderate-to-vigorous PA occurred on swing sets (46%) and basketball courts (45%). Racial and ethnic, sex, and activity area differences in park-based PA indicate that diverse youth use parks uniquely; these factors should be considered in designing parks for various ages and backgrounds.
公园是建成环境的一个组成部分,旨在促进青少年进行定期体育活动(PA)。本研究调查了在种族或民族多样化社区中,基于人口统计学和公园特征的青少年在公园内进行体育活动的差异。2017年至2018年期间,在北卡罗来纳州(n = 6)和纽约州(n = 6)的多数为亚裔(n = 3)、拉丁裔(n = 5)和黑人(n = 4)社区中选择了公园。研究人员招募了5至10岁儿童的父母/照顾者参与研究。孩子们佩戴了Actigraph GT3 +腰部加速度计和QStarz GPS设备,并被要求正常玩耍至少15分钟。采用埃文森切点将体育活动水平分为久坐、轻度、中度和剧烈。使用卡方检验和非参数克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验来检验不同研究地点和人口统计学变量之间体育活动强度分钟数(久坐、轻度、中度至剧烈)的差异。青少年参与者来自纽约(n = 200)和北卡罗来纳州(n = 157)。总体而言,大多数基于公园的体育活动时间处于轻度强度(59.9%),其次是中度至剧烈强度(32.4%)。与男性参与者相比,女性在久坐行为上花费的时间更多(9.0%,6.1%),而在中度至剧烈体育活动上花费的时间更少(26.6%,38.1%)。自我认定为黑人(32.9%中度至剧烈体育活动)、拉丁裔(35.8%)和其他(39.8%)的参与者在中度至剧烈体育活动上花费的时间百分比高于亚裔(26.6%)和非西班牙裔白人(21.3%)参与者。中度至剧烈体育活动比例最高的是秋千架(46%)和篮球场(45%)。基于公园的体育活动在种族和民族、性别以及活动区域方面的差异表明,不同的青少年对公园的使用方式独特;在为不同年龄和背景的人设计公园时应考虑这些因素。