Zheng Sining, Yan Yanfen
School of Public Administration and Law, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Nov 25;15:1447103. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1447103. eCollection 2024.
The employment psychology and issues being faced by university students have garnered significant attention after the COVID-19 outbreak.
Focusing on Chinese university students, this study compares the changes in their employment psychology between the initial and normalization stages of COVID-19 prevention and control in China and examines their employment choices during the normalization stage. This study also investigates how the transformed employment psychology of these students influences their employment intentions.
(1) Chinese university students exhibit stronger feelings of employment confusion, anxiety, stability preference, uneasiness, and inferiority during the normalization stage compared with the initial stage, thus leading to a more negative employment psychology; (2) during the normalization stage, university students display a more pessimistic outlook on their employment situation and show their preference for direct employment, particularly in public institutions, state-owned enterprises, and government organizations. They also show a greater interest in working in first-tier cities than in their hometowns; (3) the employment psychology of these students in the post-pandemic period significantly influences their employment intentions, with employment stability preference psychology playing a crucial role; and (4) the employment stability preference psychology positively and significantly affects the employment intentions of junior college students. Conversely, this employment stability preference psychology has a negative effect on the employment intentions of academic master's and doctoral students. This paper also proposes some strategies to enhance the employment psychology of university students and improve their quality of employment at various levels, including government, school, enterprise, family, and individual.
新冠疫情爆发后，大学生的就业心理及面临的问题受到了广泛关注。
本研究聚焦于中国大学生，比较了中国新冠疫情防控初始阶段与常态化阶段大学生就业心理的变化，并考察了常态化阶段他们的就业选择。本研究还调查了这些学生转变后的就业心理如何影响他们的就业意向。
（1）与初始阶段相比，中国大学生在常态化阶段表现出更强的就业困惑、焦虑、求稳偏好、不安和自卑情绪，从而导致更消极的就业心理；（2）在常态化阶段，大学生对自身就业形势的看法更为悲观，表现出对直接就业的偏好，尤其是在事业单位、国有企业和政府机构。他们对在一线城市工作的兴趣也高于家乡；（3）疫情后这些学生的就业心理显著影响他们的就业意向，其中就业稳定性偏好心理起着关键作用；（4）就业稳定性偏好心理对专科生的就业意向有显著的正向影响。相反，这种就业稳定性偏好心理对学术型硕士和博士生的就业意向有负面影响。本文还提出了一些策略，以提升大学生的就业心理，并在政府、学校、企业、家庭和个人等多个层面提高他们的就业质量。
