Adabi Maryam, Gharekhani Jamal, Alamian Saeed, Varasteh-Shams Marzieh, Fathi-Sheikhi Maryam, Ghaderi Hossein, Shivapour Zahra, Valiei Zahra, Khazaiee Salman
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Indian J Microbiol. 2024 Dec;64(4):1518-1527. doi: 10.1007/s12088-023-01152-y. Epub 2023 Dec 9.
Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease. The disease is one of the major concerns in developing societies due to its great importance for public health and economic losses in the animal industry. The principal target of the study was to detect the prevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors in cattle from Hamedan (western Iran) using different laboratory techniques. In 2020, blood samples from 900 cattle were obtained to detect brucellosis prevalence in the region. After screening by the modified Rose Bengal plate test, the positive samples were reevaluated using the Wright standard tube agglutination test (SAT), 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME), and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serology-positive samples were confirmed by culturing bacteria from the lymph nodes and detecting DNA using specific primers, the BCSP31 target gene, and the IS711 locus. Brucellosis was detected in 1.88% (17/900, 95% CI 1-2.76%) of animals. The high prevalence of brucellosis was observed in female animals (2.77%, = 0.947), 2-4 years old animals (2.88%, = 0.994), Holsteins (5.69%, = 0.989), farm animals (6.49%, = 0.999), and animals with a history of vaccination against brucellosis (3.04%, = 0.915). In addition, there was no positive sample in October and December, and also the highest prevalence rate was found in September (5.33%, = 0.970). There was no statistically significant relationship between the variables and the rate of brucellosis. There were similar results between the different applied laboratory methods. The minimum and maximum levels of titer in the SAT method were + 2/80 and + 2/320, respectively. The rates for 2-ME were + 2/40 and + 4/160. Out of 17 positive samples, 2 were confirmed for and 15 for . Notably, no sample showed co-infection of both and . This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of cattle brucellosis in Hamedan. Through molecular evaluation, the presence of spp. was identified in the seropositive samples. Among the cattle samples, the primary species isolated and confirmed was . This finding shed light on the prevalence and distribution of species in the region, providing crucial insights for future disease management and control efforts. Considering the specificity of the used genes to detect bacteria, molecular biology can be a safe and rapid technique for diagnosing brucellosis, especially in cases without conclusive results. Regular screening of animals and culling seropositive animals are highly recommended; these affect the control of disease at the herd level.
布鲁氏菌病是一种传染性人畜共患病。由于其对公众健康的重要性以及对畜牧业造成的经济损失，该疾病是发展中社会主要关注的问题之一。本研究的主要目的是使用不同的实验室技术检测伊朗西部哈马丹牛群中布鲁氏菌病的流行情况及相关风险因素。2020年，采集了900头牛的血样以检测该地区布鲁氏菌病的流行情况。经改良的玫瑰红平板试验筛查后，使用wright标准试管凝集试验（SAT）、2-巯基乙醇（2-ME）和酶联免疫吸附测定对阳性样本进行重新评估。血清学阳性样本通过从淋巴结培养细菌并使用特异性引物、BCSP31靶基因和IS711基因座检测DNA来确诊。在1.88%（17/900，95%可信区间1 - 2.76%）的动物中检测到布鲁氏菌病。在雌性动物（2.77%，P = 0.947）、2 - 4岁动物（2.88%，P = 0.994）、荷斯坦奶牛（5.69%，P = 0.989）、农场动物（6.49%，P = 0.999）以及有布鲁氏菌病疫苗接种史的动物（3.04%，P = 0.915）中观察到布鲁氏菌病的高流行率。此外，10月和12月没有阳性样本，9月的流行率最高（5.33%，P = 0.970）。各变量与布鲁氏菌病发病率之间无统计学显著关系。不同应用的实验室方法得到了相似的结果。SAT方法中滴度的最低和最高水平分别为+2/80和+2/320。2-ME的滴度分别为+2/40和+4/160。在17份阳性样本中，2份确诊为牛种布鲁氏菌，15份确诊为羊种布鲁氏菌。值得注意的是，没有样本显示同时感染牛种布鲁氏菌和羊种布鲁氏菌。本研究是对哈马丹牛布鲁氏菌病的首次全面评估。通过分子评估，在血清学阳性样本中鉴定出布鲁氏菌属物种的存在。在牛样本中，分离并确诊的主要物种是羊种布鲁氏菌。这一发现揭示了该地区布鲁氏菌物种的流行情况和分布，为未来的疾病管理和控制工作提供了关键见解。考虑到用于检测细菌的基因的特异性，分子生物学可以是一种安全、快速的布鲁氏菌病诊断技术，尤其是在没有确凿结果的情况下。强烈建议定期对动物进行筛查并扑杀血清学阳性动物；这些措施对畜群水平的疾病控制有影响。
