Parkhouse W S, McKenzie D C, Hochachka P W, Ovalle W K
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Jan;58(1):14-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.14.
The in vitro deproteinized vastus lateralis muscle buffer capacity, carnosine, and histidine levels were examined in 20 men from 4 distinct populations (5 sprinters, 800-m runners; 5 rowers; 5 marathoners; 5 untrained). Needle biopsies were obtained at rest from the vastus lateralis muscle. The buffer capacity was determined in deproteinized homogenates by repeatedly titrating supernatant extracts over the pH range of 7.0-6.0 with 0.01 N HCl. Carnosine and histidine levels were determined on an amino acid AutoAnalyzer. Fast-twitch fiber percentage was determined by staining intensity of myosin adenosinetriphosphatase. High-intensity running performance was assessed on an inclined treadmill run to fatigue (20% incline; 3.5 m X s-1). Significantly (P less than 0.01) elevated buffer capacities, carnosine levels, and high-intensity running performances were demonstrated by the sprinters and rowers, but no significant differences existed between these variables for the marathoners vs. untrained subjects. Low but significant (P less than 0.05) interrelationships were demonstrated between buffer capacity, carnosine levels, and fast-twitch fiber composition. These findings indicate that the sprinters and rowers possess elevated buffering capabilities and carnosine levels compared with marathon runners and untrained subjects.
对来自4个不同群体的20名男性（5名短跑运动员、800米跑运动员；5名赛艇运动员；5名马拉松运动员；5名未受过训练者）的股外侧肌体外脱蛋白后的缓冲能力、肌肽和组氨酸水平进行了检测。在静息状态下从股外侧肌获取针吸活检样本。通过用0.01N HCl在7.0 - 6.0的pH范围内反复滴定上清液提取物来测定脱蛋白匀浆中的缓冲能力。肌肽和组氨酸水平通过氨基酸自动分析仪测定。快肌纤维百分比通过肌球蛋白三磷酸腺苷酶的染色强度来确定。在倾斜跑步机上进行高强度跑步至疲劳（20%坡度；3.5米/秒）来评估高强度跑步表现。短跑运动员和赛艇运动员的缓冲能力、肌肽水平和高强度跑步表现显著（P < 0.01）升高，但马拉松运动员与未受过训练的受试者在这些变量之间没有显著差异。缓冲能力、肌肽水平和快肌纤维组成之间存在低但显著（P < 0.05）的相互关系。这些发现表明，与马拉松运动员和未受过训练的受试者相比，短跑运动员和赛艇运动员具有更高的缓冲能力和肌肽水平。
