Simões Marijoe Braga Alves, Brandão Joana Maia, Antunes Anna Beatriz Souza, Sichieri Rosely
Social Medicine Institute, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Maracanã 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 24;16(23):4019. doi: 10.3390/nu16234019.
Considering the high consumption of coffee in Brazil, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between coffee consumption and the intake of added sugar, non-caloric sweeteners, sugary beverages, and foods. A modified case-crossover study was conducted using data from the national "Household Budget Survey (POF)" which 38,854 participants. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-h recalls on two non-consecutive days. Days with and without coffee consumption were compared (case-crossover) to evaluating the effects on sugar, sweeteners, sugary foods, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and milk. 87% of Brazilians aged 10 and older consumed coffee on a giving day. The consumption of all food groups decreased as days of coffee consumption increased, except for non-caloric sweeteners and sugar, which increased. In the case-crossover analysis (2192 men and 2580 women), women who consumed coffee on one of the two days showed an increase of 10 g of sugar and of 0.10 mL (2 drops) of sweeteners. For men values were 8 g and 0.05 mL. Also, women reduced sugar-sweetened beverages (-56.8 mL/day), while men reduced milk intake (-25.9 mL/day). Coffee consumption was associated with increased intake of sugar and non-caloric sweeteners and lower intake of sweets, SSB, and milk. Reducing sweets and SSB is beneficial but increasing sweeteners and reducing milk are not. Potential strategies include encouraging the use of milk in coffee instead of sugar and sweeteners, as well as reducing the size of sugar sachets, which in Brazil typically range from 5 g to 8 g.
考虑到巴西咖啡的高消费量，本研究旨在调查咖啡消费与添加糖、非热量甜味剂、含糖饮料和食品摄入量之间的关系。使用来自全国性“家庭预算调查（POF）”的数据进行了一项改良的病例交叉研究，该调查有38,854名参与者。通过在两个非连续日进行的24小时饮食回顾来评估饮食摄入量。比较有和没有饮用咖啡的日子（病例交叉），以评估对糖、甜味剂、含糖食品、含糖饮料（SSB）和牛奶的影响。10岁及以上的巴西人中有87%在某一天饮用咖啡。随着饮用咖啡天数的增加，所有食物组的消费量均下降，但非热量甜味剂和糖的消费量增加。在病例交叉分析中（2192名男性和2580名女性），在两天中的一天饮用咖啡的女性，糖摄入量增加了10克，甜味剂摄入量增加了0.10毫升（2滴）。男性的相应数值分别为8克和0.05毫升。此外，女性减少了含糖饮料的摄入量（-56.8毫升/天），而男性减少了牛奶摄入量（-25.9毫升/天）。咖啡消费与糖和非热量甜味剂摄入量增加以及甜食、SSB和牛奶摄入量减少有关。减少甜食和SSB是有益的，但增加甜味剂和减少牛奶则不然。潜在策略包括鼓励在咖啡中使用牛奶而非糖和甜味剂，以及减小糖包的尺寸，在巴西，糖包通常为5克至8克。
