Mukasa Paul, Ogwang Patrick Engeu, Owor Richard Oriko, Lejju Julius B, Gumisiriza Hannington, Ntulume Ibrahim, Adaku Christopher
Department of Chemistry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Department of Pharmacy, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 Jan;11(1):e70169. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70169.
Dog bites are a source of zoonotic infections to humans, such as pasteurellosis and meningitis. Zoonotic bacterial identification and their antibiotic susceptibility assessment are key towards the successful management of such infections. This study isolated and identified zoonotic bacterial species from the oral cavities of indigenous dogs and also determined their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Oral swab samples collected from 54 indigenous dogs (domestic [36] and stray [18]) were cultured on agar media, and then on selective-differential media. The colony morphology and conventional biochemical tests were used to identify the bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. A total of 232 bacterial isolates were obtained, from which 29 bacteria species (18 Gram-negative and 11 Gram-positive) belonging to 19 genera and 13 families were identified. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria species constituted 69% and 31%, respectively. The most prevalent bacteria species was Staphylococcus aureus (10.8%) followed by Escherichia coli (9.5%), while Yersinia enterocolitica (0.4%) was the least common. Most bacteria species belonged to family Enterobacteriaceae (11) followed by Vibrionaceae (04). All the sampled dogs had a number of multi-drug-resistant superbugs in their oral cavities. However, all the tested bacterial isolates were only susceptible to imipenem and chloramphenicol. All the identified bacteria species were resistant to metronidazole, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ceftazidime. Therefore, antibiotics such as imipenem and chloramphenicol could be of better choice for managing dog bite infections compared to the antibiotics recommended by Uganda Clinical Guidelines, such as metronidazole and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
犬咬伤是人类人畜共患病感染的一个来源，如巴氏杆菌病和脑膜炎。人畜共患病细菌的鉴定及其抗生素敏感性评估是成功管理此类感染的关键。本研究从本地犬的口腔中分离并鉴定了人畜共患病细菌种类，并确定了它们的抗生素敏感性谱。从54只本地犬（家养[36只]和流浪犬[18只]）采集口腔拭子样本，先在琼脂培养基上培养，然后在选择性鉴别培养基上培养。利用菌落形态和传统生化试验鉴定细菌分离株。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法评估抗生素敏感性。共获得232株细菌分离株，鉴定出属于19个属和13个科的29种细菌（18种革兰氏阴性菌和11种革兰氏阳性菌）。需氧菌和厌氧菌分别占69%和31%。最常见的细菌种类是金黄色葡萄球菌（10.8%），其次是大肠杆菌（9.5%），而小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌（0.4%）最不常见。大多数细菌种类属于肠杆菌科（11种），其次是弧菌科（4种）。所有采样犬的口腔中都有一些多重耐药超级细菌。然而，所有测试的细菌分离株仅对亚胺培南和氯霉素敏感。所有鉴定出的细菌种类均对甲硝唑、阿莫西林-克拉维酸和头孢他啶耐药。因此，与乌干达临床指南推荐的抗生素（如甲硝唑和阿莫西林-克拉维酸）相比，亚胺培南和氯霉素等抗生素可能是治疗犬咬伤感染的更好选择。
