Silva Maria da Penha Soares, Gattás Vera Lúcia, Luna Expedito José de Albuquerque
Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Butantan, Diretoria Médica de Ensaios Clínicos e Farmacovigilância, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2024 Dec 6;66:e68. doi: 10.1590/S1678-9946202466068. eCollection 2024.
The infodemic and the spread of disinformation have fostered mistrust in vaccines, health institutions, and governments, contributing to a global decline in vaccination coverage and the resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases like measles. In recent years, the use of digital platforms to access health information, including vaccines, has increased significantly. However, the rapid dissemination of disinformation on these under-regulated platforms can greatly influence vaccination behavior. This study aimed to identify and analyze the main arguments used on Facebook® regarding measles vaccination. Posts and comments in Brazilian Portuguese were extracted using keywords such as "Measles Vaccines," "Triple Viral," and "Tetra Viral" from general and anti-vaccine pages from January 2017 to December 31, 2020. A sample from both datasets was selected and analyzed using deductive content analysis. Of the posts, 213 (84.5%) were classified as pro-vaccine, primarily promoting vaccination campaigns, with limited discussions on vaccine risk-benefit and collective responsibility. Notably, anti-vaccine pages, though fewer in number and followers, were more active in posting than pro-vaccine pages. Of the anti-vaccine posts, 118 (59.3%) focused on undermining vaccine safety and efficacy, spreading disinformation to downplay disease risks. Although pro-vaccine messages showed the highest engagement on the platform, more effective communication strategies are needed to complement traditional health systems, as anti-vaccine posts appear to influence vaccination behavior, particularly among hesitant communities.
信息疫情和虚假信息的传播助长了对疫苗、卫生机构和政府的不信任，导致全球疫苗接种覆盖率下降，麻疹等疫苗可预防疾病再度流行。近年来，利用数字平台获取包括疫苗在内的健康信息的情况显著增加。然而，这些监管不足的平台上虚假信息的迅速传播会极大地影响疫苗接种行为。本研究旨在识别和分析脸书®上关于麻疹疫苗接种的主要论点。2017年1月1日至2020年12月31日期间，使用“麻疹疫苗”“三联疫苗”和“四联疫苗”等关键词，从一般页面和反疫苗页面提取巴西葡萄牙语的帖子和评论。从两个数据集中选取样本并采用演绎性内容分析法进行分析。在这些帖子中，213条（84.5%）被归类为支持疫苗接种，主要是宣传疫苗接种活动，对疫苗风险效益和集体责任的讨论有限。值得注意的是，反疫苗页面虽然数量和关注者较少，但发布内容比支持疫苗接种的页面更活跃。在反疫苗帖子中，118条（59.3%）专注于诋毁疫苗的安全性和有效性，传播虚假信息以淡化疾病风险。尽管支持疫苗接种的信息在该平台上的参与度最高，但仍需要更有效的沟通策略来补充传统卫生系统，因为反疫苗帖子似乎会影响疫苗接种行为，尤其是在犹豫不决的群体中。
