Zhan Zifeng, Liang Yanshuo, Wei Jiehong, Liu Jing, Xu Kuidong
Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China.
Sci Data. 2024 Dec 19;11(1):1397. doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-04245-5.
The sea toad genus Chaunax is a group of small benthic fishes that predominantly inhabiting the deep seas of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Although they have the potential to make excellent systems for studies of evolutionary adaptation to deep-sea environments, genomic research on Chaunax has been hindered by a scarcity of high-quality genomic resources. We present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of a Chaunax specimen generated using PacBio long-read sequencing and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture technology. The size of the assembled genome was 706.94 Mb, with a contig N50 of 15.24 Mb and scaffold N50 of 29.42 Mb. Approximately 96.11% of assembled sequences were anchored and oriented onto 24 pseudo-chromosomes. The genome contained 213.47 Mb repetitive sequences, 25,280 protein-coding genes, and 5,090 non-coding RNAs. The high ratio of complete BUSCO genes (97.20%) indicates high quality of genome assembly. The chromosomal-level reference genome of Chaunax sp. provides a preliminary molecular basis for understanding deep-sea adaptation and phenotypic evolution as well as an important reference for whole-genome sequencing of related species.
蟾鱼属（Chaunax）是一类小型底栖鱼类，主要栖息在大西洋、印度洋和太平洋的深海区域。尽管它们有潜力成为研究深海环境进化适应的优秀系统，但由于缺乏高质量的基因组资源，对蟾鱼属的基因组研究一直受到阻碍。我们展示了一个使用PacBio长读长测序和高通量染色体构象捕获技术生成的蟾鱼样本的染色体水平基因组组装。组装后的基因组大小为706.94 Mb，重叠群N50为15.24 Mb，支架N50为29.42 Mb。大约96.11%的组装序列被锚定并定向到24条假染色体上。该基因组包含213.47 Mb的重复序列、25,280个蛋白质编码基因和5,090个非编码RNA。完整BUSCO基因的高比例（97.20%）表明基因组组装质量很高。蟾鱼属的染色体水平参考基因组为理解深海适应和表型进化提供了初步的分子基础，也为相关物种的全基因组测序提供了重要参考。
