Comparative analysis of the gut microbiota composition and diversity in from the Wandashan Mountain range area based on metagenomics.

This study aimed to preliminarily explore the composition and diversity of intestinal bacteria in during breeding period, aiding in the field rescue and population conservation efforts of . This also provides foundational data for further research on the prevention and screening of Emerging Zoonotic Infectious Diseases and the experimental animalization of wild . Between April and July 2023, we collected 13 fresh fecal samples from at the Sishan Forest Farm in Jidong County, Heilongjiang Province, situated within the Wandashan Mountain range. Utilizing metagenomic sequencing technology, we conducted a comparative analysis of the gut microbiota composition and diversity in wild across different genders and between adult and fetal individuals within the same habitat. Our results revealed significant differences ( < 0.01) in the classification and diversity of gut microbiota between genders and between adult and fetal . Specifically, the dominant bacterial groups in the gut of were , and . In male and female , the dominant bacterial groups were , and , with variations in bacterial abundance and diversity. While male and female exhibited similar microbial compositions, they displayed significant differences in specific bacterial classifications. The dominant bacterial group in fetal was , which demonstrated lower diversity and abundance compared to the adult group. Furthermore, the types and abundance of pathogenic or opportunistic pathogens in the gut of fetal and male were higher than those in female . The analysis of experimental results indicates that in this region either have or are at risk of developing inflammation related to the intestinal and urinary tracts, as well as skin-related issues. Consequently, it is advised that forestry and wildlife conservation personnel in this area prioritize treatment against these specific pathogens when conducting rescue operations for in the wild.