Fan Haoyong, Xue Baoxia, Lu Jiaxin, Sun Tao, Zhao Qinke, Liu Yong, Niu Mei, Yu Shiping, Yang Yongzhen, Zhang Li
Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Feb;291:139144. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139144. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
Bioaerogels represent a type of three-dimensional porous materials fabricated from natural biopolymers, and show a significant potential for medical application due to their characteristics of extremely low density, high specific surface area, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. The preparation method and parameters of bioaerogels are focused on, and their influence on the structure and properties of bioaerogels are discussed in detail. Then, to match the properties of bioaerogels with the medical applications, this work emphasizes the main properties (including biocompatibility, degradability, and mechanical properties), structural parameters (such as suitable porosity, pore size and high specific surface area), and further summarizes the influence of single-component and composite bioaerogels on their properties. Moreover, according to the different applications (wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering and other fields), the function method, mechanism and practical effect of bioaerogels are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the challenges, future research directions, and solutions for the practical application of bioaerogels in medicine are discussed.
生物气凝胶是一种由天然生物聚合物制成的三维多孔材料，由于其具有极低的密度、高比表面积、优异的生物相容性和生物降解性等特性，在医学应用方面具有巨大潜力。重点介绍了生物气凝胶的制备方法和参数，并详细讨论了它们对生物气凝胶结构和性能的影响。然后，为了使生物气凝胶的性能与医学应用相匹配，这项工作强调了主要性能（包括生物相容性、降解性和机械性能）、结构参数（如合适的孔隙率、孔径和高比表面积），并进一步总结了单组分和复合生物气凝胶对其性能的影响。此外，根据不同的应用（伤口愈合、药物递送和组织工程等领域），全面分析了生物气凝胶的功能方法、作用机制和实际效果。最后，讨论了生物气凝胶在医学实际应用中的挑战、未来研究方向和解决方案。
