Yu Ping, Qin Kuan, Crosby Kevin, Ong Kevin, Gentry Terry, Gu Mengmeng
Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA.
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):30664. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76712-3.
Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici is a serious disease affecting a wide range of plants. Biochar as a soil amendment could partially replace peat moss and has the potential to suppress plant diseases, but its effects on controlling phytophthora blight of container-grown peppers have less been explored, especially in combination of biological control using Trichoderma. In vitro (petri dish) and in vivo (greenhouse) studies were conducted to test sugarcane bagasse biochar (SBB) and mixed hardwood biochar (HB) controlling effects on pepper phytophthora blight disease with and without Trichoderma. Sugarcane bagasse biochar and HB were blended with the commercial substrate (CS, peat-based) at 10% (SBB10, by volume), and 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% (HB10, HB30, HB50, and HB70, by volume), respectively, and CS (CS100) was used as the control. Both in vitro and in vivo studies used randomized complete block design with three treatment factors: pathogen (without or with inoculation of P. capsici), biochar (different biochar treatments), and Trichoderma (without or with inoculation). In vitro results showed that Trichoderma inhibited P. capsici growth while biochar did not have significant beneficial effects. In vivo results showed that plants grown in HB30 and HB50 had similar or higher plant growth index and shoot dry weight than the control regardless of pathogen presence. In the presence of the pathogen, plants grown in HB30, HB50, and HB70 had significantly lower disease severity, and disease incidence ratings than the control, while Trichoderma did not show beneficial effects on controlling the disease. In conclusion, HB replacing 30% and 50% peat moss in substrate could reduce pepper blight disease caused by P. capsici without negatively affecting plant growth.
由辣椒疫霉引起的疫病是一种严重病害，影响多种植物。生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂，可部分替代泥炭藓，具有抑制植物病害的潜力，但其对防治盆栽辣椒疫病的效果研究较少，尤其是与木霉菌生物防治相结合的情况。开展了体外（培养皿）和体内（温室）研究，以测试甘蔗渣生物炭（SBB）和混合硬木生物炭（HB）在有无木霉菌的情况下对辣椒疫霉病的防治效果。将甘蔗渣生物炭和HB分别与商业基质（CS，以泥炭为基础）按10%（SBB10，体积比）、10%、30%、50%、70%（HB10、HB30、HB50和HB70，体积比）混合，以CS（CS100）作为对照。体外和体内研究均采用随机完全区组设计，有三个处理因素：病原菌（不接种或接种辣椒疫霉）、生物炭（不同生物炭处理）和木霉菌（不接种或接种）。体外研究结果表明，木霉菌抑制辣椒疫霉生长，而生物炭没有显著的有益效果。体内研究结果表明，无论是否存在病原菌，在HB30和HB50中生长的植株具有与对照相似或更高的植物生长指数和地上部干重。在存在病原菌的情况下，在HB30、HB50和HB70中生长的植株病害严重程度和发病率显著低于对照，而木霉菌对防治该病未显示有益效果。总之，用HB替代基质中30%和50%的泥炭藓可减少由辣椒疫霉引起的辣椒疫病，且对植物生长无负面影响。
