Roldán-Ruiz Alberto, Bertotti Gabriele, López-Moreno Miguel
Dieta, Salud Planetaria y Rendimiento, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
Nutr Rev. 2025 Jul 1;83(7):e1815-e1827. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae188.
Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder. Diet may be a factor to consider because measures of diet quality have been linked to both frequency and severity of attacks.
To investigate the effects of dietary interventions on the clinical symptoms of migraine, quality of life, and body composition of patients with migraine.
The MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Sciences databases were searched since database inception to February 13, 2024. We included articles on randomized clinical trials that assessed the effect dietary interventions on clinical symptoms of migraines and the quality of life and body composition of individuals with migraine.
Data from the included articles were independently extracted by 2 researchers; another independent reviewer further verified the extractions. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of selected studies, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to assess the methodological quality.
Eight articles were included in this review. Of these, 3 reported on studies that assessed the ketogenic diet (KD), 2 reported on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and 3 reported on studies of other dietary strategies. Strong evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of the KD and DASH in reducing the frequency of migraine attacks, whereas their efficacy in improving patients' quality of life was supported only by limited evidence. There also is strong evidence regarding the effectiveness of DASH in reducing migraine's severity and patients' body weight. Insufficient evidence was found regarding the effectiveness of the other dietary interventions on all variables.
The DASH and KD may help reduce migraine frequency and severity. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness.
PROSPERO No. CRD42024516161.
偏头痛是一种使人致残的神经系统疾病。饮食可能是一个需要考虑的因素，因为饮食质量指标与发作频率和严重程度均有关联。
探讨饮食干预对偏头痛患者临床症状、生活质量和身体成分的影响。
检索了MEDLINE、Embase和Web of Sciences数据库，检索时间从数据库建立至2024年2月13日。我们纳入了评估饮食干预对偏头痛临床症状以及偏头痛患者生活质量和身体成分影响的随机临床试验文章。
两名研究人员独立提取纳入文章的数据；另一名独立审阅者进一步核实提取内容。采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估所选研究的偏倚风险，并用物理治疗证据数据库量表评估方法学质量。
本综述纳入了8篇文章。其中，3篇报道了评估生酮饮食（KD）的研究，2篇报道了终止高血压膳食方法（DASH），3篇报道了其他饮食策略的研究。有强有力的证据表明KD和DASH在降低偏头痛发作频率方面有效，而它们在改善患者生活质量方面的疗效仅有有限证据支持。也有强有力的证据表明DASH在降低偏头痛严重程度和患者体重方面有效。关于其他饮食干预对所有变量的有效性，证据不足。
DASH和KD可能有助于降低偏头痛的频率和严重程度。然而，需要更多高质量研究来证实它们 的有效性。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42024516161。
