Xu Lina, Dai Yinfang, Luo Wenting, Jiang Wujun, Tan Qianlei, Lu Yanhong, Huang Zhifeng, Gu Wenjing, Li Pengyun, Wang Pengli, Huang Li, Sun Huiquan, Hao Chuangli, Sun Baoqing
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
J Asthma Allergy. 2024 Dec 30;17:1355-1367. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S464444. eCollection 2024.
Pollen is a significant contributor to respiratory allergies worldwide, underscoring the importance of understanding its association with childhood sensitization to enhance clinical management.
This study focuses on investigating the prevalence of various airborne pollens and their correlation with clinical characteristics of childhood respiratory allergic diseases in southeastern China.
From November 2020 to October 2021, this research employed Durham monitoring samplers to collect airborne pollen. Simultaneously, skin prick tests (SPTs) were performed on children with respiratory allergic conditions at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University and standardised questionnaires are also administered to assess children's symptoms.
Over the course of November 2020 to October 2021, the study identified more than 36 pollen species. Notably, the spring season (March to May) exhibited the highest pollen concentrations, with accounting for 30.04% and for 26.38%. Similarly, the autumn months (September to October) saw prominent taxa like (47.55%) and Gramineae (35.93%). Among the patients, a significant 92.7% exhibited positive reactions, with 81.7% showing sensitization to house dust mites (HMD), 17.8% to pollen, and 3.7% to Cockroach. Noteworthy the five most common pollens were observed for Bermuda (6.0%), Elm pollen (6.0%), Birch pollen (4.6%), and Mugwort (4.6%). The study indicated a substantial multisensitized ratio among pollen-sensitized patients in comparison to non-pollen-sensitized ones (97.4% vs 1.6%, <0.001). Moreover, weekly total airborne pollen concentrations showed positive correlations with weekly admissions due to allergic rhinitis(AR)(=0.642, <0.001), bronchial asthma (BA) (= 0.472, <0.001), and the coexistence of AR and BA (=0.485, <0.001).
The findings found that there were two peaks of pollen count in a year during March-May and September-October. The findings emphasize the critical role of specific airborne pollens in driving sensitization and exacerbating respiratory allergic diseases in children.
花粉是全球呼吸道过敏的重要诱因，这凸显了了解其与儿童致敏的关联以加强临床管理的重要性。
本研究聚焦于调查中国东南部空气中各种花粉的流行情况及其与儿童呼吸道过敏性疾病临床特征的相关性。
2020年11月至2021年10月，本研究采用德罕监测采样器收集空气中的花粉。同时，对苏州大学附属儿童医院患有呼吸道过敏疾病的儿童进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT），并发放标准化问卷以评估儿童症状。
在2020年11月至2021年10月期间，该研究识别出36种以上的花粉种类。值得注意的是，春季（3月至5月）花粉浓度最高，[具体花粉种类1]占30.04%，[具体花粉种类2]占26.38%。同样，秋季（9月至10月）出现了突出的类群，如[具体花粉种类3]（47.55%）和禾本科（35.93%）。在患者中，有92.7%出现阳性反应，其中81.7%对屋尘螨（HMD）致敏，17.8%对花粉致敏，3.7%对蟑螂致敏。值得注意的是，观察到最常见的五种花粉为百慕大草花粉（6.0%）、榆花粉（6.0%）、桦花粉（4.6%）和艾蒿花粉（4.6%）。该研究表明，与非花粉致敏患者相比，花粉致敏患者的多重致敏率相当高（97.4%对1.6%，P<0.001）。此外，每周空气中花粉总浓度与因过敏性鼻炎（AR）导致的每周住院人数呈正相关（r=0.642，P<0.001），与支气管哮喘（BA）呈正相关（r = 0.472，P<0.001），与AR和BA共存呈正相关（r=0.485，P<0.001）。
研究发现一年中花粉计数有两个高峰，分别在3月至5月和9月至10月。这些发现强调了特定空气传播花粉在儿童致敏和加重呼吸道过敏性疾病方面的关键作用。
