Chirayath Subin, Bahirwani Janak, Pandey Akash, Memel Zoe, Park Sunhee, Schneider Yecheskel
St Luke's University Hospital, Fountain Hill, USA.
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, USA.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2025 Dec;27(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s11894-024-00958-0. Epub 2025 Jan 6.
This review aims to explain the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of malnutrition in hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), focusing on both adults and children.
Malnutrition is common among IBD patients, affecting up to 85% of individuals, and is linked to higher rates of illness, death, and longer hospital stays. Recent studies highlight the importance of early detection using tools like the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and handgrip strength tests. Nutritional interventions-such as exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) and parenteral nutrition (PN)-have proven effective in inducing remission and improving patient outcomes, especially in pediatric Crohn's disease. New evidence suggests that optimizing nutrition before and after surgery, as well as using immunonutrition, may reduce postoperative complications. Early identification and management of malnutrition in hospitalized IBD patients may be important for improving clinical outcomes. Using appropriate nutritional screening tools and creating personalized nutrition plans can help with recovery, decrease hospital stays, and improve quality of life. Further research is needed to develop standard protocols for nutritional assessment and treatment in this patient population.
本综述旨在解释炎症性肠病（IBD）住院患者营养不良的病因、诊断和治疗，重点关注成人和儿童。
营养不良在IBD患者中很常见，高达85%的患者受其影响，且与更高的发病率、死亡率以及更长的住院时间相关。近期研究强调了使用主观全面评定法（SGA）和握力测试等工具进行早期检测的重要性。营养干预措施，如全肠内营养（EEN）和肠外营养（PN），已被证明在诱导缓解和改善患者预后方面有效，尤其是在儿童克罗恩病中。新证据表明，优化手术前后的营养状况以及使用免疫营养，可能会减少术后并发症。早期识别和管理IBD住院患者的营养不良对于改善临床结局可能很重要。使用适当的营养筛查工具并制定个性化营养计划有助于康复、缩短住院时间并提高生活质量。需要进一步研究来制定针对该患者群体的营养评估和治疗标准方案。
