Anghel Andrei Cristian, Țăranu Ionelia, Orțan Alina, Marcu Spinu Simona, Dragoi Cudalbeanu Mihaela, Rosu Petronela Mihaela, Băbeanu Narcisa Elena
Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Boulevard, 011464 Bucharest, Romania.
National Research-Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition (IBNA), 1 Calea Bucuresti, 077015 Balotesti, Romania.
Molecules. 2024 Dec 20;29(24):6026. doi: 10.3390/molecules29246026.
High consumption of ultra-processed foods, rich in sugar and unhealthy fats, has been linked to the onset of numerous chronic diseases. Consequently, there has been a growing shift towards a fiber-rich diet, abundant in fruits, vegetables, seeds, and nuts, to enhance longevity and quality of life. The primary bioactive components in these plant-based foods are polyphenols, which exert significant effects on modulating the gastrointestinal microbiota through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This modulation has preventive effects on neurodegenerative, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer. The antimicrobial properties of polyphenols against pathogenic bacteria have significantly reduced the need for antibiotics, thereby lowering the risk of antibiotic resistance. This paper advances the field by offering novel insights into the beneficial effects of polyphenols, both directly through the metabolites produced during digestion and indirectly through changes in the host's gastrointestinal microbiota, uniquely emphasizing swine as a model highly relevant to human health, a topic that, to our knowledge, has not been thoroughly explored in previous reviews. This review also addresses aspects related to both other animal models (mice, rabbits, and rats), and humans, providing guidelines for future research into the benefits of polyphenol consumption. By linking agricultural and biomedical perspectives, it proposes strategies for utilizing these bioactive compounds as therapeutic agents in both veterinary and human health sciences.
高糖和不健康脂肪含量高的超加工食品的大量消费与多种慢性疾病的发生有关。因此，人们越来越倾向于食用富含纤维的饮食，这种饮食富含水果、蔬菜、种子和坚果，以提高寿命和生活质量。这些植物性食物中的主要生物活性成分是多酚，它们通过抗氧化和抗炎活性对调节胃肠道微生物群发挥显著作用。这种调节对神经退行性疾病、代谢性疾病、心血管疾病甚至癌症都有预防作用。多酚对病原菌的抗菌特性显著减少了对抗生素的需求，从而降低了抗生素耐药性的风险。本文通过提供关于多酚有益作用的新见解推动了该领域的发展，这些见解既直接来自于消化过程中产生的代谢产物，也间接来自于宿主胃肠道微生物群的变化，特别强调猪作为与人类健康高度相关的模型，据我们所知，这一主题在以前的综述中尚未得到充分探讨。本综述还讨论了与其他动物模型（小鼠、兔子和大鼠）以及人类相关的方面，为未来关于食用多酚益处的研究提供了指导方针。通过将农业和生物医学观点联系起来，它提出了在兽医和人类健康科学中将这些生物活性化合物用作治疗剂的策略。
