In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Leaves and Five Associated Endophytic Fungi.

The exploration of new pharmacological compounds from endophytic fungi offers infinite possibilities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extracts from the leaves of and five of its endophytic fungi and investigate the chemical diversity of the secondary metabolites produced. Isolated, purified, and molecularly identified endophytes and plant leaves were subjected to ethyl acetate extraction. The antibacterial potential of the extracts was assessed by the disc diffusion method against five bacterial strains: ATCC 25923; MU50; WDCM00009; ATCC 25922; and ATCC 27853. DPPH and reducing power tests were performed to assess antioxidant potential. GC-MS analysis was used to identify volatile compounds in extracts. Fungal endophytes were identified as , , , and , with respective accession numbers DTO 412-G6, DTO 412-I5, DTO 413-E7, DTO 412-G4, and DTO 414-I2. GC-MS analysis revealed a large number of bioactive compounds. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against at least two of the bacteria tested, and most showed antioxidant activity. The extract stood out for its higher phenolic content and higher antioxidant and antibacterial activities in all tests.