Zhao Chen, Song Weihua, Wang Jianing, Tang Xiaoying, Jiang Zhenqi
School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100037, China.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2025 Jan 28;61(10):1962-1977. doi: 10.1039/d4cc06510g.
Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells, has made significant progress, particularly in the treatment of metastatic tumors. However, challenges such as drug stability and off-target effects still limit its clinical success. To address these issues, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising nanocarriers in cancer immunotherapy. MOFs have unique porous structure, excellent drug loading capacity, and tunable surface modification properties. MOFs not only enhance drug delivery efficiency but also allow for precise control of drug release. They reduce off-target effects and significantly improve targeting and therapy efficacy. As research deepens, MOFs' effectiveness as drug carriers has been refined. When combined with immunoadjuvants or anticancer drugs, MOFs further stimulate the immune response. This improves the specificity of immune attacks on tumors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of MOFs in cancer immunotherapy. It focuses on synthesis, drug loading strategies, and surface modifications. It also analyzes their role in enhancing immunotherapy effectiveness. By integrating current research, we aim to provide insights for the future development of immunoadjuvant-functionalized MOFs, accelerating their clinical application for safer and more effective cancer treatments.
癌症免疫疗法利用人体免疫系统来识别和攻击癌细胞，已经取得了重大进展，尤其是在转移性肿瘤的治疗方面。然而，诸如药物稳定性和脱靶效应等挑战仍然限制了其临床成效。为了解决这些问题，金属有机框架（MOF）已成为癌症免疫疗法中很有前景的纳米载体。MOF具有独特的多孔结构、出色的药物负载能力和可调节的表面修饰特性。MOF不仅提高了药物递送效率，还能精确控制药物释放。它们减少了脱靶效应，显著提高了靶向性和治疗效果。随着研究的深入，MOF作为药物载体的有效性得到了优化。当与免疫佐剂或抗癌药物结合时，MOF能进一步刺激免疫反应。这提高了对肿瘤免疫攻击的特异性。本综述全面概述了MOF在癌症免疫疗法中的应用。它侧重于合成、药物负载策略和表面修饰。还分析了它们在增强免疫治疗效果中的作用。通过整合当前的研究，我们旨在为免疫佐剂功能化MOF的未来发展提供见解，加速其临床应用，以实现更安全、更有效的癌症治疗。
